Mailing List Archive: Trouble distributing 0.0.0.0/1 route through RIP

Trouble distributing 0.0.0.0/1 route through RIP

Dec 21, 2016, 9:12 AM

Post #1 of 3 (717 views)

We have two routers connecting a LAN to two upstream ISP's. We'd like to
distribute default routes into RIP in such away that LAN user's prefer a
specific router.

On ROUTER-1 (the preferred router) we have:

router rip

version 2

network eth3

redistribute static

! Default to preferred upstream

ip route 0.0.0.0/1 192.168.1.1

ip route 128.0.0.0/1 192.168.1.1

On ROUTER-2 we have:

router rip

version 2

network eth3

redistribute static

! Default to backup upstream

ip route 0.0.0.0/0 192.168.2.1

Using tcpdump, we can confirm that ROUTER-1 is advertising the two routes
into RIP. But examining the routing table on ROUTER-2 shows the following

ROUTER-2> show ip route

Codes: K - kernel route, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP

O - OSPF, I - IS-IS, B - BGP, A - Babel

> - selected route, * - FIB route

S>* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 192.168.2.1, eth2

R>* 128.0.0.0/1 [120/2] via 192.168.3.2, eth3, 00:00:03

It appears ROUTER-2 accepted 128.0.0.0/1 but did not accept 0.0.0.0/1. Can
anyone shed light on why this might be ?

If it's relevant, we are running Debian Jessie, Quagga 0.99.23.1

Thanks

Jim C.

Re: Trouble distributing 0.0.0.0/1 route through RIP [ In reply to ]

jim at carroll

Dec 22, 2016, 7:12 AM

Post #2 of 3 (708 views)

Permalink

I think we have discovered a bug in how RIP is handling the route
0.0.0.0/1

A quagga RIPD that receives the route 0.0.0.0/1 will install it as
0.0.0.0/0. But if we add the route statically to ROUTER-2, it correctly
stores the route with the /1 mask. I can confirm via TCPDUMP that ROUTER-1
sent the route as 0.0.0.0/1.

On ROUTER-1 we have:

    router rip
        version 2
        network eth3
        redistribute static
    ! Default to preferred upstream
    ip route 0.0.0.0/1 192.168.1.1
    ip route 128.0.0.0/1 192.168.1.1

On ROUTER-2 we have:

    router rip
        version 2
        network eth3

The routing table on ROUTER-2 shows the following

    ROUTER-2> show ip route
    Codes: K - kernel route, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP
           O - OSPF, I - IS-IS, B - BGP, A - Babel
           > - selected route, * - FIB route

    R>* 0.0.0.0/0 [120/2] via 192.168.2.1, eth2
    R>* 128.0.0.0/1 [120/2] via 192.168.3.2, eth3, 00:00:03

Quagga 0.99.23.1

NOTE: In case your wondering why we still use RIP; Windows 2008 Servers no
longer support OSPF -- they only support RIP.

Thanks
Jim C.

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Re: Trouble distributing 0.0.0.0/1 route through RIP [ In reply to ]

jim at carroll

Dec 23, 2016, 5:53 AM

Post #3 of 3 (706 views)

Permalink

I wanted to update the list on this issue.

RIPD refuses to accept a default route with a non-zero netmask. When quagga
RIPD receives 0.0.0.0/1, it changes the mask to /0. And since ROUTER-2 had a
static route to 0.0.0.0/0, it dropped the route in favor of the already
installed static.

The key to debugging this was to enable 'debugging rip packet recv', at
which point RIPD logged the following message:

Default route with non-zero netmask. Set zero to netmask

I asked about this on quagga-dev and the community consensus seems to be
this is what RFC 2453 intended:
https://lists.quagga.net/pipermail/quagga-dev/2016-December/016561.html

To achieve our goal of preferring one upstream over another, we have changed
our configuration to be the following:

On ROUTER-1 we have:

router rip
version 2
network eth3
redistribute static
! Default to preferred upstream
ip route 0.0.0.0/0 192.168.1.1

On ROUTER-2 we have:

router rip
version 2
network eth3
redistribute static
! Default to backup upstream (increased distance to be one
! greater than rip's distance of 120)
ip route 0.0.0.0/0 192.168.2.1 121

This works as we expected.

Jim C.

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`
end

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