Wow. 340 pages already -- this is typeset!
(you guys see why formatting counts?)
--tom
perl - Practical Extraction and Report Language 1
SYNOPSIS 1
DESCRIPTION 1
ENVIRONMENT 3
AUTHOR 3
FILES 3
SEE ALSO 3
DIAGNOSTICS 4
BUGS 4
NOTES 4
perldata - Perl data structures 4
DESCRIPTION 4
Variable names 4
Context 5
Scalar values 6
Scalar value constructors 7
List value constructors 9
Typeglobs 11
perlsyn - Perl syntax 11
DESCRIPTION 12
Declarations 12
Simple statements 12
Compound statements 13
Loop Control 14
For and Foreach 15
Basic BLOCKs and Switch Statements 16
Goto 18
perlop - Perl operators and precedence 18
SYNOPSIS 18
DESCRIPTION 19
Terms and List Operators (Leftward) 19
The Arrow Operator 20
Autoincrement and Autodecrement 20
Exponentiation 20
Symbolic Unary Operators 20
Binding Operators 21
Multiplicative Operators 21
Additive Operators 21
Shift Operators 21
Named Unary Operators 21
Relational Operators 22
Equality Operators 22
Bitwise And 22
Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or 22
C-style Logical And 23
C-style Logical Or 23
Range Operator 23
Conditional Operator 24
Assignment Operators 24
Comma Operator 25
List Operators (Rightward) 25
Logical Not 25
Logical And 25
Logical or and Exclusive Or 25
C Operators Missing From Perl 25
Quote and Quotelike Operators 26
I/O Operators 31
Constant Folding 34
Integer arithmetic 34
perlre - Perl regular expressions 34
DESCRIPTION 34
Regular Expressions 35
Version 8 Regular Expressions 38
perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter 38
SYNOPSIS 38
DESCRIPTION 39
Switches 39
perlfunc - Perl builtin functions 43
DESCRIPTION 43
perlvar - Perl predefined variables 87
DESCRIPTION 87
Predefined Names 87
perlsub - Perl subroutines 94
SYNOPSIS 95
DESCRIPTION 95
Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs) 96
Overriding builtin functions 97
Autoloading 97
Prototypes 98
perlmod - Perl modules (packages) 99
DESCRIPTION 99
Packages 99
Symbol Tables 100
Package Constructors and Destructors 102
Perl Classes 102
Perl Modules 102
NOTE 103
THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY 103
Pragmatic Modules 103
Standard Modules 104
Extension Modules 105
CPAN 105
Modules: Creation, Use and Abuse 106
Guidelines for Module Creation 107
Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts 110
into Modules
Guidelines for Reusing Application Code 111
perlref - Perl references and nested data structures 111
DESCRIPTION 111
Symbolic references 115
Not-so-symbolic references 116
WARNING 117
Further Reading 117
perldsc - Manipulating Complex Data Structures in Perl 117
DESCRIPTION 117
REFERENCES 118
COMMON MISTAKES 119
CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE 121
WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS use strict 121
DEBUGGING 121
CODE EXAMPLES 122
LISTS OF LISTS 122
Declaration of a LIST OF LISTS 122
Generation of a LIST OF LISTS 122
Access and Printing of a LIST OF LISTS 123
HASHES OF LISTS 123
Declaration of a HASH OF LISTS 123
Generation of a HASH OF LISTS 123
Access and Printing of a HASH OF LISTS 124
LISTS OF HASHES 124
Declaration of a LIST OF HASHES 124
Generation of a LIST OF HASHES 125
Access and Printing of a LIST OF HASHES 126
HASHES OF HASHES 126
Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES 126
Generation of a HASH OF HASHES 127
Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES 127
MORE ELABORATE RECORDS 128
Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS 128
Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS 129
Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS 130
SEE ALSO 131
AUTHOR 131
perlLoL - Manipulating Lists of Lists in Perl 131
DESCRIPTION 131
Declaration and Access of Lists of Lists 131
Growing Your Own 132
Access and Printing 134
Slices 135
Passing Arguments 136
SEE ALSO 136
AUTHOR 136
perlobj - Perl objects 136
DESCRIPTION 137
An Object is Simply a Reference 137
A Class is Simply a Package 138
A Method is Simply a Subroutine 138
Method Invocation 139
Destructors 140
WARNING 140
Summary 140
SEE ALSO 140
perltie - how to 140
BUGS 140
AUTHOR 140
perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT) 140
DESCRIPTION 141
OO SCALING TIPS 141
INSTANCE VARIABLES 141
SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES 142
INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE 142
OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS 143
OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS 143
USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM 144
THINKING OF CODE REUSE 145
CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT 147
INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR 148
DELEGATION 149
perldebug - Perl debugging 149
DESCRIPTION 150
Debugging 150
Customization 151
Other resources 152
BUGS 152
perldiag - various Perl diagnostics 152
DESCRIPTION 152
perlform - Perl formats 179
DESCRIPTION 179
Format Variables 181
NOTES 182
Footers 183
Accessing Formatting Internals 183
WARNING 184
perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, 184
fifos, pipes, safesubprocceses, sockets, and
semaphores)
DESCRIPTION 184
Signals 184
Named Pipes 186
Using open() for IPC 187
Safe Pipe Opens 188
Bidirectional Communication 189
Sockets: Client/Server Communication 190
Internet TCP Clients and Servers 190
Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers 193
UDP: Message Passing 195
SysV IPC 196
WARNING 197
NOTES 197
BUGS 198
AUTHOR 198
SEE ALSO 198
perlsec - Perl security 198
DESCRIPTION 198
perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary 200
DESCRIPTION 200
Awk Traps 200
C Traps 201
Sed Traps 202
Shell Traps 202
Perl Traps 202
Perl4 Traps 203
perlstyle - Perl style guide 204
DESCRIPTION 205
perlxs - XS language reference manual 207
DESCRIPTION 207
Introduction 207
On The Road 207
The Anatomy of an XSUB 209
The Argument Stack 209
The RETVAL Variable 209
The MODULE Keyword 209
The PACKAGE Keyword 210
The PREFIX Keyword 210
The OUTPUT: Keyword 210
The CODE: Keyword 211
The NO_INIT Keyword 211
Initializing Function Parameters 211
Default Parameter Values 212
Variable-length Parameter Lists 212
The PPCODE: Keyword 213
Returning Undef And Empty Lists 214
The REQUIRE: Keyword 215
The CLEANUP: Keyword 215
The BOOT: Keyword 215
Inserting Comments and C Preprocessor Directives 215
Using XS With C++ 215
Interface Strategy 217
Perl Objects And C Structures 217
The Typemap 218
EXAMPLES 219
AUTHOR 220
perlXStut - Tutorial for XSUB's 220
DESCRIPTION 220
EXAMPLE 1 220
EXAMPLE 2 222
WHAT HAS GONE ON? 223
EXAMPLE 3 224
WHAT'S NEW HERE? 225
INPUT AND OUTPUT PARAMETERS 225
THE XSUBPP COMPILER 225
THE TYPEMAP FILE 225
WARNING 226
EXAMPLE 4 226
Author 228
Last Changed 228
perlguts - Perl's Internal Functions 228
DESCRIPTION 228
Datatypes 228
What is an ``IV''? 228
Working with SV's 229
What's Really Stored in an SV? 230
Working with AV's 231
Working with HV's 231
Creating New Variables 232
References 233
XSUB's and the Argument Stack 233
Mortality 234
Stashes and Objects 235
Magic 235
Assigning Magic 236
Magic Virtual Tables 236
Finding Magic 237
Double-Typed SV's 238
Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs 238
Memory Allocation 239
AUTHOR 239
DATE 239
perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C 239
DESCRIPTION 240
THE PERL_CALL FUNCTIONS 240
FLAG VALUES 241
G_SCALAR 241
G_ARRAY 241
G_DISCARD 242
G_NOARGS 242
G_EVAL 242
Determining the Context 243
KNOWN PROBLEMS 243
EXAMPLES 244
No Parameters, Nothing returned 244
Passing Parameters 245
Returning a Scalar 246
Returning a list of values 248
Returning a list in a scalar context 249
Returning Data from Perl via the parameter list 250
Using G_EVAL 251
Using perl_call_sv 252
Using perl_call_argv 255
Using perl_call_method 255
Using GIMME 257
Using Perl to dispose of temporaries 257
Strategies for storing Callback Context Information 259
Alternate Stack Manipulation 264
SEE ALSO 265
AUTHOR 265
DATE 266
perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program 266
DESCRIPTION 266
PREAMBLE 266
ROADMAP 266
EXPLANATION 266
Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program 266
Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program 268
Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program 269
AUTHOR 271
pod - plain old documentation 271
DESCRIPTION 271
Embedding Pods in Perl Modules 272
AUTHOR 272
perlbook - Perl book information 272
DESCRIPTION 272
diagnostics - Perl compiler pragma to force verbose 272
warning diagnostics
SYNOPSIS 272
DESCRIPTION 273
The diagnostics Pragma 273
The splain Program 273
EXAMPLES 273
INTERNALS 274
BUGS 274
AUTHOR 274
integer - Perl pragma to compute arithmetic in integer 274
instead of double
SYNOPSIS 275
DESCRIPTION 275
less - perl pragma to request less of something from 275
the compiler
SYNOPSIS 275
DESCRIPTION 275
lib - manipulate @INC at compile time 275
SYNOPSIS 275
DESCRIPTION 275
ADDING DIRECTORIES TO @INC 275
DELETING DIRECTORIES FROM @INC 276
RESTORING ORIGINAL @INC 276
SEE ALSO 276
AUTHOR 276
overload - Package for overloading perl operations 276
SYNOPSIS 276
CAVEAT SCRIPTOR 277
DESCRIPTION 277
Declaration of overloaded functions 277
Calling Conventions for Binary Operations 277
Calling Conventions for Unary Operations 277
Overloadable Operations 277
SPECIAL SYMBOLS FOR use overload 278
Last Resort 278
Fallback 279
Copy Constructor 279
MAGIC AUTOGENERATION 279
WARNING 280
Run-time Overloading 280
Public functions 280
IMPLEMENTATION 280
AUTHOR 281
DIAGNOSTICS 281
BUGS 281
sigtrap - Perl pragma to enable stack backtrace on 281
unexpected signals
SYNOPSIS 281
DESCRIPTION 281
strict - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe constructs 281
SYNOPSIS 282
DESCRIPTION 282
subs - Perl pragma to predeclare sub names 282
SYNOPSIS 282
DESCRIPTION 283
AnyDBM_File - provide framework for multiple DBMs 283
SYNOPSIS 283
DESCRIPTION 283
DBM Comparisons 283
SEE ALSO 284
AutoLoader - load functions only on demand 284
SYNOPSIS 284
DESCRIPTION 284
AutoSplit - split a package for autoloading 284
SYNOPSIS 284
DESCRIPTION 284
Benchmark - benchmark running times of code 284
SYNOPSIS 284
DESCRIPTION 285
Methods 285
Standard Exports 285
Optional Exports 285
NOTES 285
INHERITANCE 286
CAVEATS 286
AUTHORS 286
MODIFICATION HISTORY 286
carp - warn of errors (from perspective of caller) 286
SYNOPSIS 286
DESCRIPTION 286
Config - access Perl configuration option 286
SYNOPSIS 287
DESCRIPTION 287
EXAMPLE 287
NOTE 287
getcwd - get pathname of current working directory 287
SYNOPSIS 287
DESCRIPTION 287
DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB 288
SYNOPSIS 288
DESCRIPTION 288
How does DB_File interface to Berkeley DB? 289
Differences with Berkeley DB 289
RECNO 289
In Memory Databases 289
Using the Berkeley DB Interface Directly 289
EXAMPLES 290
Using HASH 290
Using BTREE 290
Using RECNO 291
CHANGES 292
0.1 292
0.2 292
0.3 292
1.0 292
1.01 292
WARNINGS 292
BUGS 292
AVAILABILITY 292
SEE ALSO 292
AUTHOR 292
Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading 292
module
SYNOPSIS 292
DESCRIPTION 293
DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl 293
code
SYNOPSIS 294
DESCRIPTION 294
AUTHOR 297
English - use nice English (or awk) names for ugly 297
punctuation variables
SYNOPSIS 297
DESCRIPTION 298
Env - perl module that imports environment variables 298
SYNOPSIS 298
DESCRIPTION 298
AUTHOR 298
Exporter - provide inport/export controls for Perl 298
modules
SYNOPSIS 298
DESCRIPTION 298
Module Version Checking 299
ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how 299
to use them
SYNOPSIS 299
DESCRIPTION 299
EXTRALIBS 300
LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH 300
BSLOADLIBS 300
PORTABILITY 300
SEE ALSO 300
ExtUtils::MakeMaker - create an extension Makefile 300
SYNOPSIS 300
DESCRIPTION 300
Hintsfile support 300
What's new in version 5 of MakeMaker 301
Incompatibilities between MakeMaker 5.00 and 4.23 301
Default Makefile Behaviour 302
Special case make install 302
PREFIX attribute 302
AFS users 303
Static Linking of a new Perl Binary 303
Determination of Perl Library and Installation 304
Locations
Useful Default Makefile Macros 305
Using Attributes (and Parameters) 305
Additional lowercase attributes 309
Overriding MakeMaker Methods 309
Distribution Support 310
AUTHORS 311
MODIFICATION HISTORY 311
TODO 311
ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a 311
MANIFEST file
SYNOPSIS 311
DESCRIPTION 311
MANIFEST.SKIP 312
EXPORT_OK 312
GLOBAL VARIABLES 312
DIAGNOSTICS 312
SEE ALSO 313
AUTHOR 313
SYNOPSIS 313
DESCRIPTION 313
SEE ALSO 313
Mkbootstrap - make a bootstrap file for use by 313
DynaLoader
SYNOPSIS 313
DESCRIPTION 313
Fcntl - load the C Fcntl.h defines 313
SYNOPSIS 313
DESCRIPTION 313
NOTE 314
Basename - parse file specifications 314
SYNOPSIS 314
DESCRIPTION 314
EXAMPLES 314
validate - run many filetest checks on a tree 315
SYNOPSIS 315
DESCRIPTION 315
find - traverse a file tree 316
SYNOPSIS 316
DESCRIPTION 316
FileHandle - supply object methods for filehandles 316
SYNOPSIS 317
DESCRIPTION 317
BUGS 317
File::Path - create or remove a series of directories 317
SYNOPSIS 317
DESCRIPTION 317
AUTHORS 318
REVISION 318
GetOptions - extended getopt processing 318
SYNOPSIS 318
DESCRIPTION 318
EXAMPLES 319
NOTE 319
getopt - Process single-character switches with switch 320
clustering
SYNOPSIS 320
DESCRIPTION 320
Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the 320
current locale
SYNOPSIS 320
DESCRIPTION 320
IPC::Open2, open2 - open a process for both reading and 320
writing
SYNOPSIS 320
DESCRIPTION 321
WARNING 321
SEE ALSO 321
IPC::Open3, open3 - open a process for reading, 321
writing, and error handling
SYNOPSIS 321
DESCRIPTION 321
Net::Ping, pingecho - check a host for upness 321
SYNOPSIS 321
DESCRIPTION 322
Parameters 322
WARNING 322
POSIX - Perl interface to IEEE Std 1003.1 322
SYNOPSIS 322
DESCRIPTION 322
NOTE 322
CAVEATS 322
FUNCTIONS 323
CLASSES 330
FileHandle 330
POSIX::SigAction 330
POSIX::SigSet 330
POSIX::Termios 331
POSIX CONSTANTS 333
SYSTEM CONFIGURATION 333
ERRNO 333
FCNTL 333
FLOAT 333
LIMITS 334
LOCALE 334
MATH 334
SIGNAL 334
STAT 334
STDLIB 334
STDIO 334
TIME 334
UNISTD 334
WAIT 334
CREATION 334
SelfLoader - load functions only on demand 334
SYNOPSIS 335
DESCRIPTION 335
The __DATA__ token 335
SelfLoader autoloading 335
Autoloading and package lexicals 335
SelfLoader and AutoLoader 336
__DATA__, __END__, and the FOOBAR::DATA filehandle. 336
Classes and inherited methods. 336
Multiple packages and fully qualified subroutine 337
names
Socket, sockaddr_in, sockaddr_un, inet_aton, inet_ntoa 337
- load the C
SYNOPSIS 337
DESCRIPTION 337
Test::Harness - run perl standard test scripts with 338
statistics
SYNOPSIS 339
DESCRIPTION 339
EXPORT 339
DIAGNOSTICS 339
SEE ALSO 339
BUGS 339
abbrev - create an abbreviation table from a list 339
SYNOPSIS 339
DESCRIPTION 339
EXAMPLE 339
(you guys see why formatting counts?)
--tom
perl - Practical Extraction and Report Language 1
SYNOPSIS 1
DESCRIPTION 1
ENVIRONMENT 3
AUTHOR 3
FILES 3
SEE ALSO 3
DIAGNOSTICS 4
BUGS 4
NOTES 4
perldata - Perl data structures 4
DESCRIPTION 4
Variable names 4
Context 5
Scalar values 6
Scalar value constructors 7
List value constructors 9
Typeglobs 11
perlsyn - Perl syntax 11
DESCRIPTION 12
Declarations 12
Simple statements 12
Compound statements 13
Loop Control 14
For and Foreach 15
Basic BLOCKs and Switch Statements 16
Goto 18
perlop - Perl operators and precedence 18
SYNOPSIS 18
DESCRIPTION 19
Terms and List Operators (Leftward) 19
The Arrow Operator 20
Autoincrement and Autodecrement 20
Exponentiation 20
Symbolic Unary Operators 20
Binding Operators 21
Multiplicative Operators 21
Additive Operators 21
Shift Operators 21
Named Unary Operators 21
Relational Operators 22
Equality Operators 22
Bitwise And 22
Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or 22
C-style Logical And 23
C-style Logical Or 23
Range Operator 23
Conditional Operator 24
Assignment Operators 24
Comma Operator 25
List Operators (Rightward) 25
Logical Not 25
Logical And 25
Logical or and Exclusive Or 25
C Operators Missing From Perl 25
Quote and Quotelike Operators 26
I/O Operators 31
Constant Folding 34
Integer arithmetic 34
perlre - Perl regular expressions 34
DESCRIPTION 34
Regular Expressions 35
Version 8 Regular Expressions 38
perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter 38
SYNOPSIS 38
DESCRIPTION 39
Switches 39
perlfunc - Perl builtin functions 43
DESCRIPTION 43
perlvar - Perl predefined variables 87
DESCRIPTION 87
Predefined Names 87
perlsub - Perl subroutines 94
SYNOPSIS 95
DESCRIPTION 95
Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs) 96
Overriding builtin functions 97
Autoloading 97
Prototypes 98
perlmod - Perl modules (packages) 99
DESCRIPTION 99
Packages 99
Symbol Tables 100
Package Constructors and Destructors 102
Perl Classes 102
Perl Modules 102
NOTE 103
THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY 103
Pragmatic Modules 103
Standard Modules 104
Extension Modules 105
CPAN 105
Modules: Creation, Use and Abuse 106
Guidelines for Module Creation 107
Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts 110
into Modules
Guidelines for Reusing Application Code 111
perlref - Perl references and nested data structures 111
DESCRIPTION 111
Symbolic references 115
Not-so-symbolic references 116
WARNING 117
Further Reading 117
perldsc - Manipulating Complex Data Structures in Perl 117
DESCRIPTION 117
REFERENCES 118
COMMON MISTAKES 119
CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE 121
WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS use strict 121
DEBUGGING 121
CODE EXAMPLES 122
LISTS OF LISTS 122
Declaration of a LIST OF LISTS 122
Generation of a LIST OF LISTS 122
Access and Printing of a LIST OF LISTS 123
HASHES OF LISTS 123
Declaration of a HASH OF LISTS 123
Generation of a HASH OF LISTS 123
Access and Printing of a HASH OF LISTS 124
LISTS OF HASHES 124
Declaration of a LIST OF HASHES 124
Generation of a LIST OF HASHES 125
Access and Printing of a LIST OF HASHES 126
HASHES OF HASHES 126
Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES 126
Generation of a HASH OF HASHES 127
Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES 127
MORE ELABORATE RECORDS 128
Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS 128
Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS 129
Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS 130
SEE ALSO 131
AUTHOR 131
perlLoL - Manipulating Lists of Lists in Perl 131
DESCRIPTION 131
Declaration and Access of Lists of Lists 131
Growing Your Own 132
Access and Printing 134
Slices 135
Passing Arguments 136
SEE ALSO 136
AUTHOR 136
perlobj - Perl objects 136
DESCRIPTION 137
An Object is Simply a Reference 137
A Class is Simply a Package 138
A Method is Simply a Subroutine 138
Method Invocation 139
Destructors 140
WARNING 140
Summary 140
SEE ALSO 140
perltie - how to 140
BUGS 140
AUTHOR 140
perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT) 140
DESCRIPTION 141
OO SCALING TIPS 141
INSTANCE VARIABLES 141
SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES 142
INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE 142
OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS 143
OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS 143
USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM 144
THINKING OF CODE REUSE 145
CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT 147
INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR 148
DELEGATION 149
perldebug - Perl debugging 149
DESCRIPTION 150
Debugging 150
Customization 151
Other resources 152
BUGS 152
perldiag - various Perl diagnostics 152
DESCRIPTION 152
perlform - Perl formats 179
DESCRIPTION 179
Format Variables 181
NOTES 182
Footers 183
Accessing Formatting Internals 183
WARNING 184
perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, 184
fifos, pipes, safesubprocceses, sockets, and
semaphores)
DESCRIPTION 184
Signals 184
Named Pipes 186
Using open() for IPC 187
Safe Pipe Opens 188
Bidirectional Communication 189
Sockets: Client/Server Communication 190
Internet TCP Clients and Servers 190
Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers 193
UDP: Message Passing 195
SysV IPC 196
WARNING 197
NOTES 197
BUGS 198
AUTHOR 198
SEE ALSO 198
perlsec - Perl security 198
DESCRIPTION 198
perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary 200
DESCRIPTION 200
Awk Traps 200
C Traps 201
Sed Traps 202
Shell Traps 202
Perl Traps 202
Perl4 Traps 203
perlstyle - Perl style guide 204
DESCRIPTION 205
perlxs - XS language reference manual 207
DESCRIPTION 207
Introduction 207
On The Road 207
The Anatomy of an XSUB 209
The Argument Stack 209
The RETVAL Variable 209
The MODULE Keyword 209
The PACKAGE Keyword 210
The PREFIX Keyword 210
The OUTPUT: Keyword 210
The CODE: Keyword 211
The NO_INIT Keyword 211
Initializing Function Parameters 211
Default Parameter Values 212
Variable-length Parameter Lists 212
The PPCODE: Keyword 213
Returning Undef And Empty Lists 214
The REQUIRE: Keyword 215
The CLEANUP: Keyword 215
The BOOT: Keyword 215
Inserting Comments and C Preprocessor Directives 215
Using XS With C++ 215
Interface Strategy 217
Perl Objects And C Structures 217
The Typemap 218
EXAMPLES 219
AUTHOR 220
perlXStut - Tutorial for XSUB's 220
DESCRIPTION 220
EXAMPLE 1 220
EXAMPLE 2 222
WHAT HAS GONE ON? 223
EXAMPLE 3 224
WHAT'S NEW HERE? 225
INPUT AND OUTPUT PARAMETERS 225
THE XSUBPP COMPILER 225
THE TYPEMAP FILE 225
WARNING 226
EXAMPLE 4 226
Author 228
Last Changed 228
perlguts - Perl's Internal Functions 228
DESCRIPTION 228
Datatypes 228
What is an ``IV''? 228
Working with SV's 229
What's Really Stored in an SV? 230
Working with AV's 231
Working with HV's 231
Creating New Variables 232
References 233
XSUB's and the Argument Stack 233
Mortality 234
Stashes and Objects 235
Magic 235
Assigning Magic 236
Magic Virtual Tables 236
Finding Magic 237
Double-Typed SV's 238
Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs 238
Memory Allocation 239
AUTHOR 239
DATE 239
perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C 239
DESCRIPTION 240
THE PERL_CALL FUNCTIONS 240
FLAG VALUES 241
G_SCALAR 241
G_ARRAY 241
G_DISCARD 242
G_NOARGS 242
G_EVAL 242
Determining the Context 243
KNOWN PROBLEMS 243
EXAMPLES 244
No Parameters, Nothing returned 244
Passing Parameters 245
Returning a Scalar 246
Returning a list of values 248
Returning a list in a scalar context 249
Returning Data from Perl via the parameter list 250
Using G_EVAL 251
Using perl_call_sv 252
Using perl_call_argv 255
Using perl_call_method 255
Using GIMME 257
Using Perl to dispose of temporaries 257
Strategies for storing Callback Context Information 259
Alternate Stack Manipulation 264
SEE ALSO 265
AUTHOR 265
DATE 266
perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program 266
DESCRIPTION 266
PREAMBLE 266
ROADMAP 266
EXPLANATION 266
Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program 266
Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program 268
Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program 269
AUTHOR 271
pod - plain old documentation 271
DESCRIPTION 271
Embedding Pods in Perl Modules 272
AUTHOR 272
perlbook - Perl book information 272
DESCRIPTION 272
diagnostics - Perl compiler pragma to force verbose 272
warning diagnostics
SYNOPSIS 272
DESCRIPTION 273
The diagnostics Pragma 273
The splain Program 273
EXAMPLES 273
INTERNALS 274
BUGS 274
AUTHOR 274
integer - Perl pragma to compute arithmetic in integer 274
instead of double
SYNOPSIS 275
DESCRIPTION 275
less - perl pragma to request less of something from 275
the compiler
SYNOPSIS 275
DESCRIPTION 275
lib - manipulate @INC at compile time 275
SYNOPSIS 275
DESCRIPTION 275
ADDING DIRECTORIES TO @INC 275
DELETING DIRECTORIES FROM @INC 276
RESTORING ORIGINAL @INC 276
SEE ALSO 276
AUTHOR 276
overload - Package for overloading perl operations 276
SYNOPSIS 276
CAVEAT SCRIPTOR 277
DESCRIPTION 277
Declaration of overloaded functions 277
Calling Conventions for Binary Operations 277
Calling Conventions for Unary Operations 277
Overloadable Operations 277
SPECIAL SYMBOLS FOR use overload 278
Last Resort 278
Fallback 279
Copy Constructor 279
MAGIC AUTOGENERATION 279
WARNING 280
Run-time Overloading 280
Public functions 280
IMPLEMENTATION 280
AUTHOR 281
DIAGNOSTICS 281
BUGS 281
sigtrap - Perl pragma to enable stack backtrace on 281
unexpected signals
SYNOPSIS 281
DESCRIPTION 281
strict - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe constructs 281
SYNOPSIS 282
DESCRIPTION 282
subs - Perl pragma to predeclare sub names 282
SYNOPSIS 282
DESCRIPTION 283
AnyDBM_File - provide framework for multiple DBMs 283
SYNOPSIS 283
DESCRIPTION 283
DBM Comparisons 283
SEE ALSO 284
AutoLoader - load functions only on demand 284
SYNOPSIS 284
DESCRIPTION 284
AutoSplit - split a package for autoloading 284
SYNOPSIS 284
DESCRIPTION 284
Benchmark - benchmark running times of code 284
SYNOPSIS 284
DESCRIPTION 285
Methods 285
Standard Exports 285
Optional Exports 285
NOTES 285
INHERITANCE 286
CAVEATS 286
AUTHORS 286
MODIFICATION HISTORY 286
carp - warn of errors (from perspective of caller) 286
SYNOPSIS 286
DESCRIPTION 286
Config - access Perl configuration option 286
SYNOPSIS 287
DESCRIPTION 287
EXAMPLE 287
NOTE 287
getcwd - get pathname of current working directory 287
SYNOPSIS 287
DESCRIPTION 287
DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB 288
SYNOPSIS 288
DESCRIPTION 288
How does DB_File interface to Berkeley DB? 289
Differences with Berkeley DB 289
RECNO 289
In Memory Databases 289
Using the Berkeley DB Interface Directly 289
EXAMPLES 290
Using HASH 290
Using BTREE 290
Using RECNO 291
CHANGES 292
0.1 292
0.2 292
0.3 292
1.0 292
1.01 292
WARNINGS 292
BUGS 292
AVAILABILITY 292
SEE ALSO 292
AUTHOR 292
Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading 292
module
SYNOPSIS 292
DESCRIPTION 293
DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl 293
code
SYNOPSIS 294
DESCRIPTION 294
AUTHOR 297
English - use nice English (or awk) names for ugly 297
punctuation variables
SYNOPSIS 297
DESCRIPTION 298
Env - perl module that imports environment variables 298
SYNOPSIS 298
DESCRIPTION 298
AUTHOR 298
Exporter - provide inport/export controls for Perl 298
modules
SYNOPSIS 298
DESCRIPTION 298
Module Version Checking 299
ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how 299
to use them
SYNOPSIS 299
DESCRIPTION 299
EXTRALIBS 300
LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH 300
BSLOADLIBS 300
PORTABILITY 300
SEE ALSO 300
ExtUtils::MakeMaker - create an extension Makefile 300
SYNOPSIS 300
DESCRIPTION 300
Hintsfile support 300
What's new in version 5 of MakeMaker 301
Incompatibilities between MakeMaker 5.00 and 4.23 301
Default Makefile Behaviour 302
Special case make install 302
PREFIX attribute 302
AFS users 303
Static Linking of a new Perl Binary 303
Determination of Perl Library and Installation 304
Locations
Useful Default Makefile Macros 305
Using Attributes (and Parameters) 305
Additional lowercase attributes 309
Overriding MakeMaker Methods 309
Distribution Support 310
AUTHORS 311
MODIFICATION HISTORY 311
TODO 311
ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a 311
MANIFEST file
SYNOPSIS 311
DESCRIPTION 311
MANIFEST.SKIP 312
EXPORT_OK 312
GLOBAL VARIABLES 312
DIAGNOSTICS 312
SEE ALSO 313
AUTHOR 313
SYNOPSIS 313
DESCRIPTION 313
SEE ALSO 313
Mkbootstrap - make a bootstrap file for use by 313
DynaLoader
SYNOPSIS 313
DESCRIPTION 313
Fcntl - load the C Fcntl.h defines 313
SYNOPSIS 313
DESCRIPTION 313
NOTE 314
Basename - parse file specifications 314
SYNOPSIS 314
DESCRIPTION 314
EXAMPLES 314
validate - run many filetest checks on a tree 315
SYNOPSIS 315
DESCRIPTION 315
find - traverse a file tree 316
SYNOPSIS 316
DESCRIPTION 316
FileHandle - supply object methods for filehandles 316
SYNOPSIS 317
DESCRIPTION 317
BUGS 317
File::Path - create or remove a series of directories 317
SYNOPSIS 317
DESCRIPTION 317
AUTHORS 318
REVISION 318
GetOptions - extended getopt processing 318
SYNOPSIS 318
DESCRIPTION 318
EXAMPLES 319
NOTE 319
getopt - Process single-character switches with switch 320
clustering
SYNOPSIS 320
DESCRIPTION 320
Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the 320
current locale
SYNOPSIS 320
DESCRIPTION 320
IPC::Open2, open2 - open a process for both reading and 320
writing
SYNOPSIS 320
DESCRIPTION 321
WARNING 321
SEE ALSO 321
IPC::Open3, open3 - open a process for reading, 321
writing, and error handling
SYNOPSIS 321
DESCRIPTION 321
Net::Ping, pingecho - check a host for upness 321
SYNOPSIS 321
DESCRIPTION 322
Parameters 322
WARNING 322
POSIX - Perl interface to IEEE Std 1003.1 322
SYNOPSIS 322
DESCRIPTION 322
NOTE 322
CAVEATS 322
FUNCTIONS 323
CLASSES 330
FileHandle 330
POSIX::SigAction 330
POSIX::SigSet 330
POSIX::Termios 331
POSIX CONSTANTS 333
SYSTEM CONFIGURATION 333
ERRNO 333
FCNTL 333
FLOAT 333
LIMITS 334
LOCALE 334
MATH 334
SIGNAL 334
STAT 334
STDLIB 334
STDIO 334
TIME 334
UNISTD 334
WAIT 334
CREATION 334
SelfLoader - load functions only on demand 334
SYNOPSIS 335
DESCRIPTION 335
The __DATA__ token 335
SelfLoader autoloading 335
Autoloading and package lexicals 335
SelfLoader and AutoLoader 336
__DATA__, __END__, and the FOOBAR::DATA filehandle. 336
Classes and inherited methods. 336
Multiple packages and fully qualified subroutine 337
names
Socket, sockaddr_in, sockaddr_un, inet_aton, inet_ntoa 337
- load the C
SYNOPSIS 337
DESCRIPTION 337
Test::Harness - run perl standard test scripts with 338
statistics
SYNOPSIS 339
DESCRIPTION 339
EXPORT 339
DIAGNOSTICS 339
SEE ALSO 339
BUGS 339
abbrev - create an abbreviation table from a list 339
SYNOPSIS 339
DESCRIPTION 339
EXAMPLE 339