Mailing List Archive

Nice work Ron
https://krebsonsecurity.com/2021/01/ddos-guard-to-forfeit-internet-space-occ
upied-by-parler/






<https://www.engardesecurite.ca/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/main1-1-214x300.g
if>


Jean St-Laurent

CISSP #634103




ddosTest me security inc


tel: <tel:+14388069800> 438 806-9800


site: <https://ddostest.me/> https://ddostest.me


email: <mailto:jean@ddostest.me> jean@ddostest.me
RE: Nice work Ron [ In reply to ]
I should have probably add more content or a comment.



I feel this is a good example that a pen is mightier than a sword.



I am impress by what I read in this article and would definitely like to
hear/read more, maybe coming from Ronald Guilmette?



Thanks all


Jean





From: NANOG <nanog-bounces+jean=ddostest.me@nanog.org> On Behalf Of Jean
St-Laurent via NANOG
Sent: January 21, 2021 12:17 PM
To: 'NANOG' <nanog@nanog.org>
Subject: Nice work Ron



https://krebsonsecurity.com/2021/01/ddos-guard-to-forfeit-internet-space-occ
upied-by-parler/








Jean St-Laurent

CISSP #634103




ddosTest me security inc


tel: <tel:+14388069800> 438 806-9800


site: <https://ddostest.me/> https://ddostest.me


email: <mailto:jean@ddostest.me> jean@ddostest.me
Re: Nice work Ron [ In reply to ]
I'll add that after reading the article, it doesn't appear that Parler was
specifically targeted, just DDoS-Guard prior to becoming their new host.
Deplatforming of Parler wasn't really on anyone's radar back in November
when the complaint with LACNIC was filed and I'm not under the impression
they had lined DDoS-Guard up as a backup host at this point, or their
downtime would have been much less after Amazon gave them the boot; still,
they almost certainly would have been very tight lipped about who that
provider would be.

It just seemed like a convenient coincidence that Parler has since become a
customer and will be inconvenienced by this, the extent to which is not
likely to be very high as they've probably re-written any modules of their
backend that weren't portable, and now have some experience with finding
and deploying on a new host.

-Matt

On Thu, Jan 21, 2021 at 10:39 AM Jean St-Laurent via NANOG <nanog@nanog.org>
wrote:

> I should have probably add more content or a comment.
>
>
>
> I feel this is a good example that a pen is mightier than a sword.
>
>
>
> I am impress by what I read in this article and would definitely like to
> hear/read more, maybe coming from Ronald Guilmette?
>
>
>
> Thanks all
>
>
> Jean
>
>
>
>
>
> *From:* NANOG <nanog-bounces+jean=ddostest.me@nanog.org> *On Behalf Of *Jean
> St-Laurent via NANOG
> *Sent:* January 21, 2021 12:17 PM
> *To:* 'NANOG' <nanog@nanog.org>
> *Subject:* Nice work Ron
>
>
>
>
> https://krebsonsecurity.com/2021/01/ddos-guard-to-forfeit-internet-space-occupied-by-parler/
>
>
>
> [image: Image removed by sender. ddosTest me Security inc]
>
> Jean St-Laurent
>
> CISSP #634103
>
>
>
> ddosTest me security inc
>
> tel: 438 806-9800 <+14388069800>
>
> site: https://ddostest.me
>
> email: jean@ddostest.me
>
>
>
>
>


--
Matt Erculiani
ERCUL-ARIN
Re: Nice work Ron [ In reply to ]
Peace,

On Thu, Jan 21, 2021, 8:17 PM Jean St-Laurent via NANOG <nanog@nanog.org>
wrote:

>
> https://krebsonsecurity.com/2021/01/ddos-guard-to-forfeit-internet-space-occupied-by-parler/
>

A disclaimer:
- Standing for the sanity of the Internet routing;
- Assuming (quite reliably) actual policy violation;
- Assuming good faith

— am I the only one to believe that (given that LACNIC had allocated an IP
block to a company that doesn't conform to the LACNIC policies) what we
urgently need to see next is the complete audit of the LACNIC operations,
so that this doesn't look like selective enforcement?

How many other Belize defuncts do they have? How many offshore countries
like Belize are there in the region?

--
Töma
Re: Nice work Ron [ In reply to ]
DDOS-Guard is only hosting a temporary static page for Parler, they are not
hosting the full Parler application. (Source : Quote from Parler's CEO,
NYT, 1/19/21,
https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/19/technology/parler-russian-company.html)

On Thu, Jan 21, 2021 at 12:55 PM Matt Erculiani <merculiani@gmail.com>
wrote:

> I'll add that after reading the article, it doesn't appear that Parler was
> specifically targeted, just DDoS-Guard prior to becoming their new host.
> Deplatforming of Parler wasn't really on anyone's radar back in November
> when the complaint with LACNIC was filed and I'm not under the impression
> they had lined DDoS-Guard up as a backup host at this point, or their
> downtime would have been much less after Amazon gave them the boot; still,
> they almost certainly would have been very tight lipped about who that
> provider would be.
>
> It just seemed like a convenient coincidence that Parler has since become
> a customer and will be inconvenienced by this, the extent to which is not
> likely to be very high as they've probably re-written any modules of their
> backend that weren't portable, and now have some experience with finding
> and deploying on a new host.
>
> -Matt
>
> On Thu, Jan 21, 2021 at 10:39 AM Jean St-Laurent via NANOG <
> nanog@nanog.org> wrote:
>
>> I should have probably add more content or a comment.
>>
>>
>>
>> I feel this is a good example that a pen is mightier than a sword.
>>
>>
>>
>> I am impress by what I read in this article and would definitely like to
>> hear/read more, maybe coming from Ronald Guilmette?
>>
>>
>>
>> Thanks all
>>
>>
>> Jean
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>> *From:* NANOG <nanog-bounces+jean=ddostest.me@nanog.org> *On Behalf Of *Jean
>> St-Laurent via NANOG
>> *Sent:* January 21, 2021 12:17 PM
>> *To:* 'NANOG' <nanog@nanog.org>
>> *Subject:* Nice work Ron
>>
>>
>>
>>
>> https://krebsonsecurity.com/2021/01/ddos-guard-to-forfeit-internet-space-occupied-by-parler/
>>
>>
>>
>> [image: Image removed by sender. ddosTest me Security inc]
>>
>> Jean St-Laurent
>>
>> CISSP #634103
>>
>>
>>
>> ddosTest me security inc
>>
>> tel: 438 806-9800 <+14388069800>
>>
>> site: https://ddostest.me
>>
>> email: jean@ddostest.me
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>
>
> --
> Matt Erculiani
> ERCUL-ARIN
>
Re: Nice work Ron [ In reply to ]
>
> am I the only one to believe that (given that LACNIC had allocated an IP
> block to a company that doesn't conform to the LACNIC policies) what we
> urgently need to see next is the complete audit of the LACNIC operations,
> so that this doesn't look like selective enforcement?
>

LACNIC received a complaint, they investigated that complaint, found it
warranted, and took appropriate action. "Selective enforcement" would imply
there have been other complaints filed with LACNIC that have been ignored.

On Thu, Jan 21, 2021 at 1:25 PM Töma Gavrichenkov <ximaera@gmail.com> wrote:

> Peace,
>
> On Thu, Jan 21, 2021, 8:17 PM Jean St-Laurent via NANOG <nanog@nanog.org>
> wrote:
>
>>
>> https://krebsonsecurity.com/2021/01/ddos-guard-to-forfeit-internet-space-occupied-by-parler/
>>
>
> A disclaimer:
> - Standing for the sanity of the Internet routing;
> - Assuming (quite reliably) actual policy violation;
> - Assuming good faith
>
> — am I the only one to believe that (given that LACNIC had allocated an IP
> block to a company that doesn't conform to the LACNIC policies) what we
> urgently need to see next is the complete audit of the LACNIC operations,
> so that this doesn't look like selective enforcement?
>
> How many other Belize defuncts do they have? How many offshore countries
> like Belize are there in the region?
>
> --
> Töma
>
Re: Nice work Ron [ In reply to ]
Peace,

On Thu, Jan 21, 2021, 9:29 PM Tom Beecher <beecher@beecher.cc> wrote:

> am I the only one to believe that (given that LACNIC had allocated an IP
>> block to a company that doesn't conform to the LACNIC policies) what we
>> urgently need to see next is the complete audit of the LACNIC operations,
>> so that this doesn't look like selective enforcement?
>>
>
> LACNIC received a complaint, they investigated that complaint, found it
> warranted, and took appropriate action. "Selective enforcement" would imply
> there have been other complaints filed with LACNIC that have been ignored.
>

I've got a strong feeling though that Ronald Guilmette had been doing the
job LACNIC should've done, possibly long ago.

Once you define a policy, you shouldn't depend on independent investigators
to figure out the violations. You need to ensure the execution.

--
Töma

>
Re: Nice work Ron [ In reply to ]
In my recent ( last 24 months) dealings with LACNIC, they were very
thorough in validating information and enforcing documentation requirements
as we needed to modify some things after some corporate changes. Obviously
that may not be representative of all their operations, but they were quite
on the ball in making sure we (still) were who we said we were.

I think it's a tricky argument to say what LACNIC *should* or *should not*
have done. We don't know all the facts. But we all know that
fraudulent business records are used all over the world for things like
this all the time. Calling for a complete audit of LACNIC feels quite
extreme absent a pattern of issues, which doesn't seem to have been
presented.

On Thu, Jan 21, 2021 at 1:37 PM Töma Gavrichenkov <ximaera@gmail.com> wrote:

> Peace,
>
> On Thu, Jan 21, 2021, 9:29 PM Tom Beecher <beecher@beecher.cc> wrote:
>
>> am I the only one to believe that (given that LACNIC had allocated an IP
>>> block to a company that doesn't conform to the LACNIC policies) what we
>>> urgently need to see next is the complete audit of the LACNIC operations,
>>> so that this doesn't look like selective enforcement?
>>>
>>
>> LACNIC received a complaint, they investigated that complaint, found it
>> warranted, and took appropriate action. "Selective enforcement" would imply
>> there have been other complaints filed with LACNIC that have been ignored.
>>
>
> I've got a strong feeling though that Ronald Guilmette had been doing the
> job LACNIC should've done, possibly long ago.
>
> Once you define a policy, you shouldn't depend on independent
> investigators to figure out the violations. You need to ensure the
> execution.
>
> --
> Töma
>
>>
Re: Nice work Ron [ In reply to ]
> On Jan 21, 2021, at 10:16 AM, Jean St-Laurent via NANOG <nanog@nanog.org> wrote:
>
> https://krebsonsecurity.com/2021/01/ddos-guard-to-forfeit-internet-space-occupied-by-parler/

For context, from the article:

"The pending disruption for DDoS-Guard and Parler comes compliments of Ron Guilmette, a researcher who has made it something of a personal mission to de-platform conspiracy theorist and far-right groups."


Anne

--
Anne P. Mitchell, Attorney at Law
CEO, SuretyMail Email Reputation Certification
Dean of Cyberlaw & Cybersecurity, Lincoln Law School
Author: Section 6 of the CAN-SPAM Act of 2003 (the Federal anti-spam law)
Board of Directors, Denver Internet Exchange
Former Counsel: Mail Abuse Prevention System (MAPS)
Re: Nice work Ron [ In reply to ]
Peace,

On Thu, Jan 21, 2021, 9:57 PM Tom Beecher <beecher@beecher.cc> wrote:

> fraudulent business records are used all over the world for things like
> this all the time. Calling for a complete audit of LACNIC feels quite
> extreme absent a pattern of issues, which doesn't seem to have been
> presented.
>

Listen, here, we basically cherry-picked an arbitrary AS and immediately
found a policy violation.

Yes, this one hosted a Web site for a terrorist organization, but there are
plenty such orgs in the world. This one was just outta luck with this.
This is what makes me worry.

--
Töma

>
Re: Nice work Ron [ In reply to ]
Hi.

Just a question "this one hosted a Web site for a terrorist
organization", which terrorist organizations web site did they host ?

---
Fredrik Holmqvist


On 2021-01-21 20:11, Töma Gavrichenkov wrote:
> Peace,
>
> On Thu, Jan 21, 2021, 9:57 PM Tom Beecher <beecher@beecher.cc> wrote:
>
>> fraudulent business records are used all over the world for things
>> like this all the time. Calling for a complete audit of LACNIC feels
>> quite extreme absent a pattern of issues, which doesn't seem to have
>> been presented.
>
> Listen, here, we basically cherry-picked an arbitrary AS and
> immediately found a policy violation.
>
> Yes, this one hosted a Web site for a terrorist organization, but
> there are plenty such orgs in the world. This one was just outta luck
> with this. This is what makes me worry.
>
> --
> Töma
>
>>
Re: Nice work Ron [ In reply to ]
    Well,

    FYI: I'm not getting getting this kind of vibe from him, more like
of an IP Space janitor.

    I'm wondering if it is a statement from Ron or the opinion of the
author of the article.

    Myself, I'm jealous of Ron for having the capacity of doing this
kind of task =D on top of his daily $$$ one.

-----
Alain Hebert ahebert@pubnix.net
PubNIX Inc.
50 boul. St-Charles
P.O. Box 26770 Beaconsfield, Quebec H9W 6G7
Tel: 514-990-5911 http://www.pubnix.net Fax: 514-990-9443

On 1/21/21 1:59 PM, Anne P. Mitchell, Esq. wrote:
>> On Jan 21, 2021, at 10:16 AM, Jean St-Laurent via NANOG <nanog@nanog.org> wrote:
>>
>> https://krebsonsecurity.com/2021/01/ddos-guard-to-forfeit-internet-space-occupied-by-parler/
> For context, from the article:
>
> "The pending disruption for DDoS-Guard and Parler comes compliments of Ron Guilmette, a researcher who has made it something of a personal mission to de-platform conspiracy theorist and far-right groups."
>
>
> Anne
>
> --
> Anne P. Mitchell, Attorney at Law
> CEO, SuretyMail Email Reputation Certification
> Dean of Cyberlaw & Cybersecurity, Lincoln Law School
> Author: Section 6 of the CAN-SPAM Act of 2003 (the Federal anti-spam law)
> Board of Directors, Denver Internet Exchange
> Former Counsel: Mail Abuse Prevention System (MAPS)
>
Re: Nice work Ron [ In reply to ]
> "The pending disruption for DDoS-Guard and Parler comes compliments of
> Ron Guilmette, a researcher who has made it something of a personal
> mission to de-platform conspiracy theorist and far-right groups."

Sounds horrible. But now that the American flag is a hate symbol not
surprising.

The real threat is new comers to the social media market creating
competition for FB/Twitter. Hopefully Parler is just the start.

- E
Re: Nice work Ron [ In reply to ]
Peace,

On Thu, Jan 21, 2021, 10:20 PM Fredrik Holmqvist / I2B <fredrik@i2b.se>
wrote:

> Just a question "this one hosted a Web site for a terrorist
> organization", which terrorist organizations web site did they host ?
>

"Hamas", until November. That was discussed before on the mailing list.

--
Töma

>
Re: Nice work Ron [ In reply to ]
> How many other Belize defuncts do they have? How many offshore countries
like Belize are there in the region?

Based on my cursory knowledge of offshore corporate registrations in
Belize, Panama and the Cayman Islands, identifying those locations which
are only mailboxes versus actual business office addresses should not be
overly complicated or difficult.

In the era of Google Street View for most major urban areas the initial
search process can be done remotely, such as when it appears that dozens of
companies occupy one street address of a very small office building.

For instance look at the company registration offices, with hundreds of
corporate entities sharing one office suite address, which were created by
Mossack Fonseca in Panama City.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mossack_Fonseca

The same principle would apply not just to LACNIC, but also to anybody who
wanted to go in detail through the number of ISPs and hosting companies
that nominally exist in Malta and Cyprus.


On Thu, Jan 21, 2021 at 10:25 AM Töma Gavrichenkov <ximaera@gmail.com>
wrote:

> Peace,
>
> On Thu, Jan 21, 2021, 8:17 PM Jean St-Laurent via NANOG <nanog@nanog.org>
> wrote:
>
>>
>> https://krebsonsecurity.com/2021/01/ddos-guard-to-forfeit-internet-space-occupied-by-parler/
>>
>
> A disclaimer:
> - Standing for the sanity of the Internet routing;
> - Assuming (quite reliably) actual policy violation;
> - Assuming good faith
>
> — am I the only one to believe that (given that LACNIC had allocated an IP
> block to a company that doesn't conform to the LACNIC policies) what we
> urgently need to see next is the complete audit of the LACNIC operations,
> so that this doesn't look like selective enforcement?
>
> How many other Belize defuncts do they have? How many offshore countries
> like Belize are there in the region?
>
> --
> Töma
>
RE: Nice work Ron [ In reply to ]
On January 21, 2021 at 12:39 nanog@nanog.org (Jean St-Laurent via NANOG) wrote:
>
> I feel this is a good example that a pen is mightier than a sword.

In all honesty have we really given the sword a chance in these cases?

--
-Barry Shein

Software Tool & Die | bzs@TheWorld.com | http://www.TheWorld.com
Purveyors to the Trade | Voice: +1 617-STD-WRLD | 800-THE-WRLD
The World: Since 1989 | A Public Information Utility | *oo*
Re: Nice work Ron [ In reply to ]
Eric Kuhnke wrote:

> Based on my cursory knowledge of offshore corporate registrations in
> Belize, Panama and the Cayman Islands, identifying those locations which
> are only mailboxes versus actual business office addresses should not be
> overly complicated or difficult.

A problem, however, is that, these days, one can perform
real business at remote locations without actual business
offices there.

Moreover, as page 28 of:

https://www.lacnic.net/innovaportal/file/1016/3/lacnic-fasciculo-infraestructura-internet-en.pdf

says:

REQUIREMENTS FOR OBTAINING AN IP ADDRESS BLOCK AND AN ASN

The organization must be legally incorporated in the LACNIC
service region.

incorporation is enough and physical presence is *NOT* required
by LACNIC.

Though there may be other reasons, the article explains:

https://krebsonsecurity.com/2021/01/ddos-guard-to-forfeit-internet-space-occupied-by-parler/

that are supposed to be given only to entities with a
physical presence in the region

Masataka Ohta

PS

I'm, anyway, glad that Ron now understand that "stealing" of IP
addresses through AFRINIC for money is a crime of fraud.
Re: Nice work Ron [ In reply to ]
No, this is not correct. LACNIC policies, state:

1.14 Principles for Proper Administration and Stewardship
The fundamental principle is to distribute unique Internet numbering resources according to the technical and operational needs of the networks currently using, or that will use, these numbering resources, allowing the sustainable growth of the Internet.

The numbering resources under the stewardship of LACNIC must be distributed among organizations legally constituted within its service region [COBERTURA] and mainly *serving networks and services operating in this region. External clients connected directly to main infrastructure located in the region are allowed.

*“Mainly” is understood to mean more than 50%.

(https://www.lacnic.net/681/2/lacnic/)

The 50% was not there before, so I submitted a "recent" policy proposal that reached consensus, so added that to make sure that we have a "clear" line of what is "mainly". Note that in LACNIC the policies are in Spanish, so the English translation, may not be "perfect".

So clearly, a resource holder needs to "have" the majority (>50%) of the services operating in the region. I think the English version is not sufficiently clear on that, but the Spanish one is accurate.

Also, the only reason why, as I explained to Ron when he contacted me about this case, it takes so long to recover resources, is because claiming for a resource is a really terrible situation. If a RIR makes a mistake, maybe there is no way back, so the RIR needs to ensure that all is very well investigated and the resource-holder has sufficient chances to clarify the situation.

The same policy proposal (https://politicas.lacnic.net/politicas/detail/id/LAC-2019-9/language/en) also did lots of changes across the entire policy manual, and the most important ones are related to section 7 (resource revocation and return):

https://www.lacnic.net/687/2/lacnic/7-resource-revocation-and-return

(look at the Spanish version, English seems not updated)

This proposal is not fully implemented yet, because it requires "automated" checking's for the policies, which will take some time to get fully implemented, and may not be possible to automate it 100%. So, for example ensuring that the IP addresses are actually (>50%) operating in the region, will be automatically detected.

If an organization get resources, say "we have a contract in a DC in Belize" to host them, and even they probe that to LANIC, but after obtaining the resources, they cancel the DC contract and use the resources outside the region, LACNIC didn't have a way to automatically verify it. Now with this policy, once fully implemented, they will have it and they will get alerts so they can manually do a verification, and if needed contact with the resource holder.

Of course, in case of non-compliance, section 7.1 of the policy, gives several chances, across 3 months, so the resource holder can either probe that there is compliance, or if they did a "mistake" they still have the opportunity to correct it.

In certain cases (such as fraud in documents), the RSA has precedence, and it can mean "no opportunity" to correct the situation, but still, the process may take 3 months, to give opportunity to the resource holder to probe it.


Regards,
Jordi
@jordipalet



?El 22/1/21 9:32, "NANOG en nombre de Masataka Ohta" <nanog-bounces+jordi.palet=consulintel.es@nanog.org en nombre de mohta@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp> escribió:

Eric Kuhnke wrote:

> Based on my cursory knowledge of offshore corporate registrations in
> Belize, Panama and the Cayman Islands, identifying those locations which
> are only mailboxes versus actual business office addresses should not be
> overly complicated or difficult.

A problem, however, is that, these days, one can perform
real business at remote locations without actual business
offices there.

Moreover, as page 28 of:

https://www.lacnic.net/innovaportal/file/1016/3/lacnic-fasciculo-infraestructura-internet-en.pdf

says:

REQUIREMENTS FOR OBTAINING AN IP ADDRESS BLOCK AND AN ASN

The organization must be legally incorporated in the LACNIC
service region.

incorporation is enough and physical presence is *NOT* required
by LACNIC.

Though there may be other reasons, the article explains:

https://krebsonsecurity.com/2021/01/ddos-guard-to-forfeit-internet-space-occupied-by-parler/

that are supposed to be given only to entities with a
physical presence in the region

Masataka Ohta

PS

I'm, anyway, glad that Ron now understand that "stealing" of IP
addresses through AFRINIC for money is a crime of fraud.





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Re: Nice work Ron [ In reply to ]
JORDI PALET MARTINEZ via NANOG wrote:

> No, this is not correct. LACNIC policies, state:

that LACNIC has contradicting statements is a problem
of LACNIC and you can not say others that the statement
of your choice is the one others must follow.

> (look at the Spanish version, English seems not updated)

If there is a reservation statement such as "English
version is just informational and not authentic" or
"Certain restrictions may apply. See xxxxx for details."
in PDF I quoted, your point could have been valid.

Moreover,

> The numbering resources under the stewardship of LACNIC must be
> distributed among organizations legally constituted within its
> service region [COBERTURA] and mainly *serving networks and services
> operating in this region. External clients connected directly to main
> infrastructure located in the region are allowed.
>
> *“Mainly” is understood to mean more than 50%.
requirement of such locality is, these days, seemingly
badly impractical and attempt to enforce it will likely
to be considered invalid.

For example, what if someone sells part of IP addresses assigned
from LACNIC to someone else performing business outside of
LACNIC region? If there is no restriction, it means locality
requirement is effectively invalidated.

Masataka Ohta
Re: Nice work Ron [ In reply to ]
Not at all.

The "top" mandate of any RIR, in terms or resource allocation, is what the policies say.

The document that you linked is just a "guide" and unfortunately, unless I missed it, the document doesn't have a "publication date", but I bet is several years old. Further to that is authored by NIC.BR, it can have mistakes. LACNIC only did the English translation.

As we all know, the policies in all the RIRs evolve. The only valid document in terms of policies, in any RIR, is the *last version* of the policy manual (or equivalent web pages).

If you look at the LACNIC policy manual at https://www.lacnic.net/680/2/lacnic/policy-manual-[v214---24_07_2020], it clearly states that the official source is the Spanish version:

"This document and/or information was originally written in Spanish, the official language of Uruguay, the country where LACNIC is legally incorporated and whose laws and regulations LACNIC must meet. Likewise, unofficial information and/or documents are also written in Spanish, as this is the language in which most of LACNIC's collaborators and officers work and communicate. We do our best to ensure that our translations are reliable and serve as a guide for our non-Spanish-speaking members. However, discrepancies may exist between the translations and the original document and/or information written in Spanish. In this case, the original text written in Spanish will always prevail."

Regarding the resource transfer that you mention, it will follow the transfer policy (2.3.2.18 - IPv4 address transfers) and there will be checks in both RIRs (source and destination), depending on the policies of each one. There is not a single answer to your example, we will need to see if is LACNIC to LACNIC (intra-RIR, and in that case the 50% usage in the region rule is sustained) or if it is from LACNIC to another RIR (inter-RIR, then it will not depend anymore on the LACNIC rules - after the transfer, but the destination RIR).



Regards,
Jordi
@jordipalet



?El 22/1/21 11:37, "NANOG en nombre de Masataka Ohta" <nanog-bounces+jordi.palet=consulintel.es@nanog.org en nombre de mohta@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp> escribió:

JORDI PALET MARTINEZ via NANOG wrote:

> No, this is not correct. LACNIC policies, state:

that LACNIC has contradicting statements is a problem
of LACNIC and you can not say others that the statement
of your choice is the one others must follow.

> (look at the Spanish version, English seems not updated)

If there is a reservation statement such as "English
version is just informational and not authentic" or
"Certain restrictions may apply. See xxxxx for details."
in PDF I quoted, your point could have been valid.

Moreover,

> The numbering resources under the stewardship of LACNIC must be
> distributed among organizations legally constituted within its
> service region [COBERTURA] and mainly *serving networks and services
> operating in this region. External clients connected directly to main
> infrastructure located in the region are allowed.
>
> *“Mainly” is understood to mean more than 50%.
requirement of such locality is, these days, seemingly
badly impractical and attempt to enforce it will likely
to be considered invalid.

For example, what if someone sells part of IP addresses assigned
from LACNIC to someone else performing business outside of
LACNIC region? If there is no restriction, it means locality
requirement is effectively invalidated.

Masataka Ohta



**********************************************
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This electronic message contains information which may be privileged or confidential. The information is intended to be for the exclusive use of the individual(s) named above and further non-explicilty authorized disclosure, copying, distribution or use of the contents of this information, even if partially, including attached files, is strictly prohibited and will be considered a criminal offense. If you are not the intended recipient be aware that any disclosure, copying, distribution or use of the contents of this information, even if partially, including attached files, is strictly prohibited, will be considered a criminal offense, so you must reply to the original sender to inform about this communication and delete it.
Re: Nice work Ron [ In reply to ]
Peace,

On Fri, Jan 22, 2021, 12:27 PM JORDI PALET MARTINEZ via NANOG:

> The numbering resources under the stewardship of LACNIC must be
> distributed among organizations legally constituted within its service
> region [COBERTURA] and mainly *serving networks and services operating in
> this region. External clients connected directly to main infrastructure
> located in the region are allowed.
>
> *“Mainly” is understood to mean more than 50%.
>

Just out of curiosity, I wonder what would happen if all the RIRs
implemented the same policy. What if a company does business across the
globe and any particular ICANN ASO region is only responsible e.g. of 40%
of revenue at most?

--
Töma

>
Re: Nice work Ron [ In reply to ]
JORDI PALET MARTINEZ via NANOG wrote:

> Not at all.
>
> The "top" mandate of any RIR, in terms or resource allocation, is
> what the policies say.
Within LACNIC, yes, of course. LACNIC can specify some document
specifies the policy to be followed by all the employees of LACNIC.

However, that is a convention only valid locally within LACNIC.

That is, LACNIC can not enforce it to people who have looked at and
followed LACNIC statements stating otherwise.

So?

It should also be noted that you can't expect a Russian company
having some business in LACNIC region read document of LACNIC
not in English or Russian, which is why some reservation
statements I mentioned could have been essentially important.

Masataka Ohta
Re: Nice work Ron [ In reply to ]
Hi Toma,



First think to clarify: In the Spanish version, the text is (mayoría) "majority" (that's why I said the translation as mainly, to me -not a native English-, is wrong).



Note also that the original text, before my policy proposal already said the same, but didn't stated if majority is 50% or what, but in general majority is well interpreted as more than half, right?



The decision of having the resources used in one region or another depends on the RIR communities, which set the policies.



I think that multinationals are more often located in ARIN, RIPE or APNIC regions, so it is more "usual" that they get the resources from those regions, which I recall don't have that restriction. In AFRINIC is even worst (all the recourses need to be used in the region).



Last but not least, nothing excludes that a company having business in different RIR coverage areas, obtain resources from several (all) of them. This allows a company having 40% of their business in a given region and needing 40% of the resources in that region, asking in that RIR that amount, so they will have actually 100% of the requested resources in that region. Right?



Note also that at any point, the policies can change. If you/anyone really believes that's broken, a policy proposal can be sent for discussion.







El 22/1/21 12:09, "Töma Gavrichenkov" <ximaera@gmail.com> escribió:



Peace,

On Fri, Jan 22, 2021, 12:27 PM JORDI PALET MARTINEZ via NANOG:

The numbering resources under the stewardship of LACNIC must be distributed among organizations legally constituted within its service region [COBERTURA] and mainly *serving networks and services operating in this region. External clients connected directly to main infrastructure located in the region are allowed.

*“Mainly” is understood to mean more than 50%.



Just out of curiosity, I wonder what would happen if all the RIRs implemented the same policy. What if a company does business across the globe and any particular ICANN ASO region is only responsible e.g. of 40% of revenue at most?



--

Töma



**********************************************
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Re: Nice work Ron [ In reply to ]
I think you're missing the point about what are policies in the RIRs.

Policies in each RIR are developed by the (global) community. I live in Madrid, EU, my RIR is RIPE NCC, RIPE community, however, I contribute to policy making process in all the regions (all the RIRs), even if I've no resources in any of them.

Policies are not for the RIR employees, are for *anyone* that want to apply for resources in a given RIR.

And that means that to apply for the resources you need to *read, understand and agree* with those policies. If you don't agree with the policies, then you send a policy proposal and it may be adopted by the community, but meanwhile, you're bind to it if you obtain the resources.

I agree that the document that you mention will be nicer if it has a clear publication date and a note that states "This is only a guideline valid at time of publication and may not be complete neither accurate. The actual policies apply.". However, you should note that this document has been done by NIC.BR, they are non-native Spanish, non-native English, so they may have even used the Portuguese translation of the policies, which again may be inaccurate (as far as you try to translate something from one idiom to another, always there may be missing details and inaccuracy).

(maybe there is some text like that in the document, I didn't read it word by word)

And to complement that, as I previously said ... this document is NOT an official LACNIC document in terms of policies. Is only a guideline. LACNIC only translated it.

If I publish a document in Spanish about some rules that you wrote in Japanese, and then you translate my document to Japanese even with my authorization, are you responsible of the rules set by that document or the rules that will actually apply are your original document rules?




?El 22/1/21 12:19, "NANOG en nombre de Masataka Ohta" <nanog-bounces+jordi.palet=consulintel.es@nanog.org en nombre de mohta@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp> escribió:

JORDI PALET MARTINEZ via NANOG wrote:

> Not at all.
>
> The "top" mandate of any RIR, in terms or resource allocation, is
> what the policies say.
Within LACNIC, yes, of course. LACNIC can specify some document
specifies the policy to be followed by all the employees of LACNIC.

However, that is a convention only valid locally within LACNIC.

That is, LACNIC can not enforce it to people who have looked at and
followed LACNIC statements stating otherwise.

So?

It should also be noted that you can't expect a Russian company
having some business in LACNIC region read document of LACNIC
not in English or Russian, which is why some reservation
statements I mentioned could have been essentially important.

Masataka Ohta



**********************************************
IPv4 is over
Are you ready for the new Internet ?
http://www.theipv6company.com
The IPv6 Company

This electronic message contains information which may be privileged or confidential. The information is intended to be for the exclusive use of the individual(s) named above and further non-explicilty authorized disclosure, copying, distribution or use of the contents of this information, even if partially, including attached files, is strictly prohibited and will be considered a criminal offense. If you are not the intended recipient be aware that any disclosure, copying, distribution or use of the contents of this information, even if partially, including attached files, is strictly prohibited, will be considered a criminal offense, so you must reply to the original sender to inform about this communication and delete it.
Re: Nice work Ron [ In reply to ]
Sorry to have sent uneditted text.

JORDI PALET MARTINEZ via NANOG wrote:

> First think to clarify: In the Spanish version, the text is (mayoría)
> "majority" (that's why I said the translation as mainly, to me -not a
> native English-, is wrong).

I'm afraid you have already stated:

> *“Mainly” is understood to mean more than 50%.

So, do you mean "majority" can mean 50% or 40% according to your
discretion?

> Note also that the original text, before my policy proposal already
> said the same, but didn't stated if majority is 50% or what, but in
> general majority is well interpreted as more than half, right?

Are you, now, saying unreasonable request of "50%" is the requirement
and "40%" is not enough?

Masataka Ohta
Re: Nice work Ron [ In reply to ]
I would think as long as most of the LACNIC addresses are used in region they are fine. Without going and reading the policies in full, I would expect that there would be a exception for multinationals to allow them to get addresses from wherever they held a significant usage.

--
Mark Andrews

> On 22 Jan 2021, at 22:09, Töma Gavrichenkov <ximaera@gmail.com> wrote:
>
> ?
> Peace,
>
> On Fri, Jan 22, 2021, 12:27 PM JORDI PALET MARTINEZ via NANOG:
>> The numbering resources under the stewardship of LACNIC must be distributed among organizations legally constituted within its service region [COBERTURA] and mainly *serving networks and services operating in this region. External clients connected directly to main infrastructure located in the region are allowed.
>>
>> *“Mainly” is understood to mean more than 50%.
>
>
> Just out of curiosity, I wonder what would happen if all the RIRs implemented the same policy. What if a company does business across the globe and any particular ICANN ASO region is only responsible e.g. of 40% of revenue at most?
>
> --
> Töma
Re: Nice work Ron [ In reply to ]
JORDI PALET MARTINEZ via NANOG wrote:

> Policies in each RIR are developed by the (global) community. I live
> in Madrid, EU, my RIR is RIPE NCC, RIPE community, however, I
> contribute to policy making process in all the regions (all the
> RIRs), even if I've no resources in any of them.

I acknowledge your statement that even yellows like me can and
should contribute to the *GLOBAL* community.

I really thank you very much.

Masataka Ohta
Re: Nice work Ron [ In reply to ]
No, what I'm saying is that the original text of the policy *BEFORE* I send my proposal to amend it was:

"majority" (not clarifying what is majority)

My proposal added the clarification that "majority" is understood as "over 50%".

The staff was already interpreting the policy like that, because usually when you say majority, you mean more than half. Do you agree on that?

The community decided that my proposal to add the explicit "footnote" to clarify "majority" is understood as more than 50%, agreed on that, so consensus was declared and the policy was amended to add that footnote.

Again, if you (or anyone) think this is wrong, you need to come to the LACNIC policy mailing list and discuss it there and even submit a policy proposal. I think I've provided sufficient clarifications here about that and responding again and again on the same will not be useful for the NANOG community.


?El 22/1/21 12:41, "NANOG en nombre de Masataka Ohta" <nanog-bounces+jordi.palet=consulintel.es@nanog.org en nombre de mohta@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp> escribió:

Sorry to have sent uneditted text.

JORDI PALET MARTINEZ via NANOG wrote:

> First think to clarify: In the Spanish version, the text is (mayoría)
> "majority" (that's why I said the translation as mainly, to me -not a
> native English-, is wrong).

I'm afraid you have already stated:

> *“Mainly” is understood to mean more than 50%.

So, do you mean "majority" can mean 50% or 40% according to your
discretion?

> Note also that the original text, before my policy proposal already
> said the same, but didn't stated if majority is 50% or what, but in
> general majority is well interpreted as more than half, right?

Are you, now, saying unreasonable request of "50%" is the requirement
and "40%" is not enough?

Masataka Ohta



**********************************************
IPv4 is over
Are you ready for the new Internet ?
http://www.theipv6company.com
The IPv6 Company

This electronic message contains information which may be privileged or confidential. The information is intended to be for the exclusive use of the individual(s) named above and further non-explicilty authorized disclosure, copying, distribution or use of the contents of this information, even if partially, including attached files, is strictly prohibited and will be considered a criminal offense. If you are not the intended recipient be aware that any disclosure, copying, distribution or use of the contents of this information, even if partially, including attached files, is strictly prohibited, will be considered a criminal offense, so you must reply to the original sender to inform about this communication and delete it.
Re: Nice work Ron [ In reply to ]
JORDI PALET MARTINEZ via NANOG wrote:

> My proposal added the clarification that "majority" is understood as "over 50%".

And the proposal is denied to be unreasonable by Toma and, more
aggressively, by me.

So?

> The staff was already interpreting the policy like that, because
> usually when you say majority, you mean more than half. Do you
> agree on that?

How can you ask such a question. already opposed by Toma and,
more aggressively, by me, to me?

My point is that locality requirement, whether it is 50% or 40%, is
impractical and, with operational practices today, is not and can
not be enforced.

>> The community decided that my proposal to add the explicit "footnote"

Then, the "footnote" might be applicable to *SOME* part of "the
community" but definitely not beyond it.

Masataka Ohta
Re: Nice work Ron [ In reply to ]
I'm not sure how to interpret your response, but was not a meant of attacking anyone, on the other way around, I put my own example that *not being member of any RIR (not having resources in any of them, but having customers in all the regions, and helping them in that)* I'm contributing to policy making.

Regards,
Jordi
@jordipalet



?El 22/1/21 12:51, "NANOG en nombre de Masataka Ohta" <nanog-bounces+jordi.palet=consulintel.es@nanog.org en nombre de mohta@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp> escribió:

JORDI PALET MARTINEZ via NANOG wrote:

> Policies in each RIR are developed by the (global) community. I live
> in Madrid, EU, my RIR is RIPE NCC, RIPE community, however, I
> contribute to policy making process in all the regions (all the
> RIRs), even if I've no resources in any of them.

I acknowledge your statement that even yellows like me can and
should contribute to the *GLOBAL* community.

I really thank you very much.

Masataka Ohta



**********************************************
IPv4 is over
Are you ready for the new Internet ?
http://www.theipv6company.com
The IPv6 Company

This electronic message contains information which may be privileged or confidential. The information is intended to be for the exclusive use of the individual(s) named above and further non-explicilty authorized disclosure, copying, distribution or use of the contents of this information, even if partially, including attached files, is strictly prohibited and will be considered a criminal offense. If you are not the intended recipient be aware that any disclosure, copying, distribution or use of the contents of this information, even if partially, including attached files, is strictly prohibited, will be considered a criminal offense, so you must reply to the original sender to inform about this communication and delete it.
Re: Nice work Ron [ In reply to ]
?El 22/1/21 13:25, "NANOG en nombre de Masataka Ohta" <nanog-bounces+jordi.palet=consulintel.es@nanog.org en nombre de mohta@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp> escribió:

JORDI PALET MARTINEZ via NANOG wrote:

> My proposal added the clarification that "majority" is understood as "over 50%".

And the proposal is denied to be unreasonable by Toma and, more
aggressively, by me.

So?

[Jordi] The proposal, on this specific point, only made a "clarification", didn't mean an actual policy change. The existing policy already had "majority", so unless you believe that majority means something different than more than 50% (in the context of the full text), the change was "neutral". If anyone disagree with a policy in any region, MUST DO SOMETHING ABOUT THAT: "bring the problem to the policy list, discuss it with the community, and if needed make a policy proposal". In Spain we say "barking dogs seldom bite" and in this context means "if you complain, but don't act, then you have nothing to do".

> The staff was already interpreting the policy like that, because
> usually when you say majority, you mean more than half. Do you
> agree on that?

How can you ask such a question. already opposed by Toma and,
more aggressively, by me, to me?

[Jordi] I think if we don't agree what means majority, then it is difficult to get us understanding among ourselves, so that's why I'm asking if you agree that in English, majority means more than half. In Spanish it means that.

My point is that locality requirement, whether it is 50% or 40%, is
impractical and, with operational practices today, is not and can
not be enforced.

[Jordi] Then you need to come to the right mailing list and discuss that with the community. It is not me who decides that!

>> The community decided that my proposal to add the explicit "footnote"

Then, the "footnote" might be applicable to *SOME* part of "the
community" but definitely not beyond it.

[Jordi] A footnote in the policy manual is a clarification to the manual text, and of course *applies* to anyone who signs a contract with the RIR to obtain resources.

Masataka Ohta



**********************************************
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Re: Nice work Ron [ In reply to ]
On Fri, Jan 22, 2021 at 08:18:08PM +0900, Masataka Ohta wrote:
[snip]
> It should also be noted that you can't expect a Russian company
> having some business in LACNIC region read document of LACNIC
> not in English or Russian, which is why some reservation
> statements I mentioned could have been essentially important.

The onus is on the entity that agreed to abide by policies to
.... abide by policies. If they decide to rely upon RIR-provided
translations, use any of the several automated translations, hire
staff that are fluent in the language, etc are their choices based
upon their tolerance of risk.

If someone chooses to operate in a region without backing that
choice with sufficient resources, perhaps it isn't a wise choice?

Cheers,

Joe

--
Posted from my personal account - see X-Disclaimer header.
Joe Provo / Gweep / Earthling
Re: Nice work Ron [ In reply to ]
Joe Provo wrote:

>> It should also be noted that you can't expect a Russian company
>> having some business in LACNIC region read document of LACNIC
>> not in English or Russian, which is why some reservation
>> statements I mentioned could have been essentially important.

> The onus is on the entity that agreed to abide by policies to
> .... abide by policies. If they decide to rely upon RIR-provided
> translations,

As I wrote:

: If there is a reservation statement such as "English
: version is just informational and not authentic" or
: "Certain restrictions may apply. See xxxxx for details."
: in PDF I quoted, your point could have been valid.

there is no reason for people think English version of
LACNIC document is informal translation. As such, the
policy of:

REQUIREMENTS FOR OBTAINING AN IP ADDRESS BLOCK AND AN ASN

The organization must be legally incorporated in the LACNIC
service region.

is a formal policy. LACNIC can not say others that they must
have followed additional requirements.

Moreover, given that;

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LACNIC
LACNIC (Latin America and Caribbean Network Information Centre

Spanish: Registro de Direcciones de Internet para America
Latina y Caribe

Portuguese: Registro de Endereçamento da Internet para America
Latina e Caribe)

and name of LACNIC is used both in Spanish and Portuguese text,
if some language is the formal language of LACNIC, it should
be English.

But, it is likely that LACNIC does not define any formal language.
Does it?

Masataka Ohta
Re: Nice work Ron [ In reply to ]
Joe Provo wrote:

> If someone chooses to operate in a region without backing that
> choice with sufficient resources, perhaps it isn't a wise choice?

Within LACNIC region, the official language is English in
"South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" (and,
though there is disputes, "Falkland Islands").

So, it is likely that English is one of a formal language
of LACNIC.

A theoretical (perhaps not practical) problem is that French
is the official language in "French Guiana".

Masataka Ohta
Re: Nice work Ron [ In reply to ]
> On Jan 21, 2021, at 12:59 PM, Eric Kuhnke <eric.kuhnke@gmail.com> wrote:
>
> > How many other Belize defuncts do they have? How many offshore countries like Belize are there in the region?
>
> Based on my cursory knowledge of offshore corporate registrations in Belize, Panama and the Cayman Islands, identifying those locations which are only mailboxes versus actual business office addresses should not be overly complicated or difficult.
>
> In the era of Google Street View for most major urban areas the initial search process can be done remotely, such as when it appears that dozens of companies occupy one street address of a very small office building.

That will basically fail in Belize; nobody has run a Google streets camera around down there. I was planning to try to start that last September with their volunteer loaner cameras program and a SUV for a couple of weeks but there was a pandemic instead of a vacation.

Not even all of the English speaking world...


-George

Sent from my iPhone

>>
Re: Nice work Ron [ In reply to ]
Peace,

On Fri, Jan 22, 2021, 3:24 PM Masataka Ohta <
mohta@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp> wrote:

> JORDI PALET MARTINEZ via NANOG wrote:

> My proposal added the clarification that "majority" is understood as
> "over 50%".
>
> And the proposal is denied to be unreasonable by Toma and, more
> aggressively, by me.
>

Having seen my name being mentioned here, what I want to highlight is that:

1) I was asking that just out of idle curiosity;

2) The important context with this is that two people seem to be arguing
about this: one (me) from the European Union, which is within the RIPE NCC
region, and the other, apparently from the APNIC region, as far as the TLD
in the email address could tell.

And we're discussing LACNIC policies within the mailing list that is mostly
related to the operations within the ARIN region.

Though I definitely agree with certain points been made, this appears to be
entirely off the topic of the NANOG, and I'm accepting the blame for
raising this here.

--
Töma

>
Re: Nice work Ron [ In reply to ]
Majority only means >50%
when there are 2 parties.

When there is more than 2 parties the majority can be less than 50%. When there is more than 2 parties, one uses the term “absolute majority” to indicate >50%.

There are more than 2 RIRs.

If 40% of address are used in LACNIC, 30% in APNIC and 30% in RIPE then the majority of addresses by region are in the LACNIC region.

--
Mark Andrews

> On 22 Jan 2021, at 23:48, JORDI PALET MARTINEZ via NANOG <nanog@nanog.org> wrote:
>
> ?
>
> ?El 22/1/21 13:25, "NANOG en nombre de Masataka Ohta" <nanog-bounces+jordi.palet=consulintel.es@nanog.org en nombre de mohta@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp> escribió:
>
> JORDI PALET MARTINEZ via NANOG wrote:
>
>> My proposal added the clarification that "majority" is understood as "over 50%".
>
> And the proposal is denied to be unreasonable by Toma and, more
> aggressively, by me.
>
> So?
>
> [Jordi] The proposal, on this specific point, only made a "clarification", didn't mean an actual policy change. The existing policy already had "majority", so unless you believe that majority means something different than more than 50% (in the context of the full text), the change was "neutral". If anyone disagree with a policy in any region, MUST DO SOMETHING ABOUT THAT: "bring the problem to the policy list, discuss it with the community, and if needed make a policy proposal". In Spain we say "barking dogs seldom bite" and in this context means "if you complain, but don't act, then you have nothing to do".
>
>> The staff was already interpreting the policy like that, because
>> usually when you say majority, you mean more than half. Do you
>> agree on that?
>
> How can you ask such a question. already opposed by Toma and,
> more aggressively, by me, to me?
>
> [Jordi] I think if we don't agree what means majority, then it is difficult to get us understanding among ourselves, so that's why I'm asking if you agree that in English, majority means more than half. In Spanish it means that.
>
> My point is that locality requirement, whether it is 50% or 40%, is
> impractical and, with operational practices today, is not and can
> not be enforced.
>
> [Jordi] Then you need to come to the right mailing list and discuss that with the community. It is not me who decides that!
>
>>> The community decided that my proposal to add the explicit "footnote"
>
> Then, the "footnote" might be applicable to *SOME* part of "the
> community" but definitely not beyond it.
>
> [Jordi] A footnote in the policy manual is a clarification to the manual text, and of course *applies* to anyone who signs a contract with the RIR to obtain resources.
>
> Masataka Ohta
>
>
>
> **********************************************
> IPv4 is over
> Are you ready for the new Internet ?
> http://www.theipv6company.com
> The IPv6 Company
>
> This electronic message contains information which may be privileged or confidential. The information is intended to be for the exclusive use of the individual(s) named above and further non-explicilty authorized disclosure, copying, distribution or use of the contents of this information, even if partially, including attached files, is strictly prohibited and will be considered a criminal offense. If you are not the intended recipient be aware that any disclosure, copying, distribution or use of the contents of this information, even if partially, including attached files, is strictly prohibited, will be considered a criminal offense, so you must reply to the original sender to inform about this communication and delete it.
>
>
>
Re: Nice work Ron [ In reply to ]
On Fri, Jan 22, 2021 at 9:07 PM Mark Andrews <marka@isc.org> wrote:
> Majority only means >50%
> when there are 2 parties.
>
> When there is more than 2 parties the majority can be less than 50%. When there is more than 2 parties, one uses the term “absolute majority” to indicate >50%.

At least in American English, less than 50% is not a "majority". The
option getting the most votes, but less than 50%, among more than 2 is
said to have a "plurality" of the votes. See
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plurality

Thanks,
Donald
===============================
Donald E. Eastlake 3rd +1-508-333-2270 (cell)
2386 Panoramic Circle, Apopka, FL 32703 USA
d3e3e3@gmail.com

> There are more than 2 RIRs.
>
> If 40% of address are used in LACNIC, 30% in APNIC and 30% in RIPE then the majority of addresses by region are in the LACNIC region.
>
> --
> Mark Andrews
>
> > On 22 Jan 2021, at 23:48, JORDI PALET MARTINEZ via NANOG <nanog@nanog.org> wrote:
> >
> > ?
> >
> > ?El 22/1/21 13:25, "NANOG en nombre de Masataka Ohta" <nanog-bounces+jordi.palet=consulintel.es@nanog.org en nombre de mohta@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp> escribió:
> >
> > JORDI PALET MARTINEZ via NANOG wrote:
> >
> >> My proposal added the clarification that "majority" is understood as "over 50%".
> >
> > And the proposal is denied to be unreasonable by Toma and, more
> > aggressively, by me.
> >
> > So?
> >
> > [Jordi] The proposal, on this specific point, only made a "clarification", didn't mean an actual policy change. The existing policy already had "majority", so unless you believe that majority means something different than more than 50% (in the context of the full text), the change was "neutral". If anyone disagree with a policy in any region, MUST DO SOMETHING ABOUT THAT: "bring the problem to the policy list, discuss it with the community, and if needed make a policy proposal". In Spain we say "barking dogs seldom bite" and in this context means "if you complain, but don't act, then you have nothing to do".
> >
> >> The staff was already interpreting the policy like that, because
> >> usually when you say majority, you mean more than half. Do you
> >> agree on that?
> >
> > How can you ask such a question. already opposed by Toma and,
> > more aggressively, by me, to me?
> >
> > [Jordi] I think if we don't agree what means majority, then it is difficult to get us understanding among ourselves, so that's why I'm asking if you agree that in English, majority means more than half. In Spanish it means that.
> >
> > My point is that locality requirement, whether it is 50% or 40%, is
> > impractical and, with operational practices today, is not and can
> > not be enforced.
> >
> > [Jordi] Then you need to come to the right mailing list and discuss that with the community. It is not me who decides that!
> >
> >>> The community decided that my proposal to add the explicit "footnote"
> >
> > Then, the "footnote" might be applicable to *SOME* part of "the
> > community" but definitely not beyond it.
> >
> > [Jordi] A footnote in the policy manual is a clarification to the manual text, and of course *applies* to anyone who signs a contract with the RIR to obtain resources.
> >
> > Masataka Ohta
Re: Nice work Ron [ In reply to ]
In article <2DEBF180-F514-4183-AFA5-6E0CF9A73999@isc.org> you write:
>If 40% of address are used in LACNIC, 30% in APNIC and 30% in RIPE then the majority of addresses by region
>are in the LACNIC region.

Most of us would call that a plurality. Majority means more than half.

What does this have to do with networking?
Re: Nice work Ron [ In reply to ]
Mark Andrews wrote:

> Majority only means >50%

But actual word used by LACNIC is "mainly" as Jordi wrote:

: *$B!H(BMainly$B!I(B is understood to mean more than 50%.
: (https://www.lacnic.net/681/2/lacnic/)
: The 50% was not there before, so I submitted a "recent"
: policy proposal that reached consensus,

and that is "recent" change.

Moreover, corresponding word in Spanish page is "mayoritariamente",
English translation of which is "mostly", "mainly", "chiefly" or
"by majority" according to:

https://www.spanishdict.com/dictionary

Masataka Ohta
Re: Nice work Ron [ In reply to ]
When you sign a contract with a RIR (whatever RIR), is always 2 parties, so majority of resources operated in the region (so to have the complete context) clearly means that you are using in the region >50% of the provided IPs.


?El 23/1/21 3:06, "Mark Andrews" <marka@isc.org> escribió:

Majority only means >50%
when there are 2 parties.

When there is more than 2 parties the majority can be less than 50%. When there is more than 2 parties, one uses the term “absolute majority” to indicate >50%.

There are more than 2 RIRs.

If 40% of address are used in LACNIC, 30% in APNIC and 30% in RIPE then the majority of addresses by region are in the LACNIC region.

--
Mark Andrews

> On 22 Jan 2021, at 23:48, JORDI PALET MARTINEZ via NANOG <nanog@nanog.org> wrote:
>
> ?
>
> ?El 22/1/21 13:25, "NANOG en nombre de Masataka Ohta" <nanog-bounces+jordi.palet=consulintel.es@nanog.org en nombre de mohta@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp> escribió:
>
> JORDI PALET MARTINEZ via NANOG wrote:
>
>> My proposal added the clarification that "majority" is understood as "over 50%".
>
> And the proposal is denied to be unreasonable by Toma and, more
> aggressively, by me.
>
> So?
>
> [Jordi] The proposal, on this specific point, only made a "clarification", didn't mean an actual policy change. The existing policy already had "majority", so unless you believe that majority means something different than more than 50% (in the context of the full text), the change was "neutral". If anyone disagree with a policy in any region, MUST DO SOMETHING ABOUT THAT: "bring the problem to the policy list, discuss it with the community, and if needed make a policy proposal". In Spain we say "barking dogs seldom bite" and in this context means "if you complain, but don't act, then you have nothing to do".
>
>> The staff was already interpreting the policy like that, because
>> usually when you say majority, you mean more than half. Do you
>> agree on that?
>
> How can you ask such a question. already opposed by Toma and,
> more aggressively, by me, to me?
>
> [Jordi] I think if we don't agree what means majority, then it is difficult to get us understanding among ourselves, so that's why I'm asking if you agree that in English, majority means more than half. In Spanish it means that.
>
> My point is that locality requirement, whether it is 50% or 40%, is
> impractical and, with operational practices today, is not and can
> not be enforced.
>
> [Jordi] Then you need to come to the right mailing list and discuss that with the community. It is not me who decides that!
>
>>> The community decided that my proposal to add the explicit "footnote"
>
> Then, the "footnote" might be applicable to *SOME* part of "the
> community" but definitely not beyond it.
>
> [Jordi] A footnote in the policy manual is a clarification to the manual text, and of course *applies* to anyone who signs a contract with the RIR to obtain resources.
>
> Masataka Ohta
>
>
>
> **********************************************
> IPv4 is over
> Are you ready for the new Internet ?
> http://www.theipv6company.com
> The IPv6 Company
>
> This electronic message contains information which may be privileged or confidential. The information is intended to be for the exclusive use of the individual(s) named above and further non-explicilty authorized disclosure, copying, distribution or use of the contents of this information, even if partially, including attached files, is strictly prohibited and will be considered a criminal offense. If you are not the intended recipient be aware that any disclosure, copying, distribution or use of the contents of this information, even if partially, including attached files, is strictly prohibited, will be considered a criminal offense, so you must reply to the original sender to inform about this communication and delete it.
>
>
>




**********************************************
IPv4 is over
Are you ready for the new Internet ?
http://www.theipv6company.com
The IPv6 Company

This electronic message contains information which may be privileged or confidential. The information is intended to be for the exclusive use of the individual(s) named above and further non-explicilty authorized disclosure, copying, distribution or use of the contents of this information, even if partially, including attached files, is strictly prohibited and will be considered a criminal offense. If you are not the intended recipient be aware that any disclosure, copying, distribution or use of the contents of this information, even if partially, including attached files, is strictly prohibited, will be considered a criminal offense, so you must reply to the original sender to inform about this communication and delete it.
Re: Nice work Ron [ In reply to ]
To summarize several responses:


Every RIR decides which one is their official languages for the policies, contracts, etc.. In case of discrepancies, the one that is binding is the official one.

In the case of LACNIC it is spanish, it is clearly indicated in the web site, and in the policy manual:

"This document and/or information was originally written in Spanish, the official language of Uruguay, the country where LACNIC is legally incorporated and whose laws and regulations LACNIC must meet. Likewise, unofficial information and/or documents are also written in Spanish, as this is the language in which most of LACNIC's collaborators and officers work and communicate. We do our best to ensure that our translations are reliable and serve as a guide for our non-Spanish-speaking members. However, discrepancies may exist between the translations and the original document and/or information written in Spanish. In this case, the original text written in Spanish will always prevail."


I've already informed LACNIC that "mainly", in my opinion, is a wrong translation for "mayoria", and should be majority, but in any case, the spanish version is the relevant one.

If you decide to do business in a region or country where the language is not english, at a minimum you should be able to understand the official language (even official government, notary, contracts, etc., documents to establish the business will be in that language). If you don't have the skills yourself, I bet you will contract a consultant, lawyer, or whatever for that.


?El 23/1/21 4:23, "NANOG en nombre de Masataka Ohta" <nanog-bounces+jordi.palet=consulintel.es@nanog.org en nombre de mohta@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp> escribió:

Mark Andrews wrote:

> Majority only means >50%

But actual word used by LACNIC is "mainly" as Jordi wrote:

: *“Mainly” is understood to mean more than 50%.
: (https://www.lacnic.net/681/2/lacnic/)
: The 50% was not there before, so I submitted a "recent"
: policy proposal that reached consensus,

and that is "recent" change.

Moreover, corresponding word in Spanish page is "mayoritariamente",
English translation of which is "mostly", "mainly", "chiefly" or
"by majority" according to:

https://www.spanishdict.com/dictionary

Masataka Ohta



**********************************************
IPv4 is over
Are you ready for the new Internet ?
http://www.theipv6company.com
The IPv6 Company

This electronic message contains information which may be privileged or confidential. The information is intended to be for the exclusive use of the individual(s) named above and further non-explicilty authorized disclosure, copying, distribution or use of the contents of this information, even if partially, including attached files, is strictly prohibited and will be considered a criminal offense. If you are not the intended recipient be aware that any disclosure, copying, distribution or use of the contents of this information, even if partially, including attached files, is strictly prohibited, will be considered a criminal offense, so you must reply to the original sender to inform about this communication and delete it.
Re: Nice work Ron [ In reply to ]
On Sat, Jan 23, 2021 at 1:11 AM JORDI PALET MARTINEZ via NANOG <
nanog@nanog.org> wrote:

> When you sign a contract with a RIR (whatever RIR), is always 2 parties,
> so majority of resources operated in the region (so to have the complete
> context) clearly means that you are using in the region >50% of the
> provided IPs.


No.

If you operate a global backbone on six continents,
and obtain a block of addresses to use for building
that backbone, you can easily end up in a situation
where there is no continent with >50% utilization of
resources; it can easily end up with the space being
split 10%, 10%, 20%, 25%, 35%. Every time I have
gone to an RIR for resources, and have described the
need, explaining that the largest percentage of the
addresses will be used within the primary region
has been sufficient. No RIR has stated that a global
backbone buildout can only be built in a region if > 50%
of the addresses used on that backbone reside within
their region. Otherwise, you end up at a stalemate
with no RIR able to allocate addresses for your backbone
in good faith, because no region holds more than 50% of
the planet's regions.

"Mainly" has been interpreted to be "the largest percentage"
every time I have requested space.

If RIRs start to put a >50% requirement in place, you're
going to see global backbone providers put into the awkward
position of having to lie about their buildout plans--so they're
going to consistently vote against language that explicitly says
">50%" just so that nobody is put into the position of having to
knowingly lie on an attestation.

I understand where you're coming from; but as someone who
has built global infrastructure in the past, I think it would be
good to consider the view from the other side of the table,
and realize why the language is kept a bit more loose, to
allow for the creation of infrastructure that spans multiple
regions.

Thanks!

Matt
Re: Nice work Ron [ In reply to ]
I fully understand what you mean, however, I don’t think this is a problem even if all the RIRs ask for “%50 or even 100%” of usage in the region.



That will make your life more complex, as you will need to obtain addresses from each RIR. In the worst case, if all them ask for the same:

If you need 2.000 addresses in LACNIC, 4.000 in ARIN, 3.000 in RIPE, 5.000 in APNIC and 1.000 in AFRINIC (just an example). This makes in total a global need for your network of 15.000 addresses. You will sign 5 contracts, and you will get a block from each RIR, that is a bit higher than your actual needs in that region. This means that you have more than 50% of the usage in that region and in the case of LACNIC, it means that you need to ensure that 1.000 addresses are used there. Probably you will not actually need to get addresses from every RIR, for example, the 1.000 addresses that you need for AFRINIC, are the excess of addresses from LACNIC, etc.



So, you end up with 2-3 RIRs allocations, not 5. And the real situation is that 3 out of 5 RIRs communities, decided to be more relaxed on that requirement, so you don’t need actually more than 1 or may be 2 allocations. Of course, we are talking “in the past” because if we are referring to IPv4 addresses, you actually have a different problem trying to get them from the RIRs.



It is the decision of the community if they don’t like this complexity and they don’t care if you get all the addresses from LANIC (for whatever reason you have that preference, or the corporation is sitting them, etc.), and actually only 20% of the addresses are being used in the region (for example) and the community can change that at any time.



For that, you *don’t need to convince me*, you need to go to the LACNIC policy list and convince the community there.



My policy proposal *didn’t change that*. The word “majority” was already there. It was already being interpreted “literally” as “you need to operate more than the half of the IPs *that you get from LACNIC* in the LACNIC region”. I just added a footnote (as part of a mayor set of policy changes), to make sure that everybody is clearly reading the same with >50% instead of coming to the list or to the staff to ask for clarity every other day.



Note that you are interpreting the % from your “complete network”. LACNIC community that did the original policy and adopted the recent change, may have a more “regional” perspective, culture, or whatever you call it (may be because the lack of IPv4 addresses, the lack of business cases – in general – for organizations that are from that region but operate globally, etc., etc.).



As I already mention, note that there is a similar case in AFRINIC policy. They require that *all* the resources you get, are used in the region.









El 24/1/21 12:30, "Matthew Petach" <mpetach@netflight.com> escribió:







On Sat, Jan 23, 2021 at 1:11 AM JORDI PALET MARTINEZ via NANOG <nanog@nanog.org> wrote:

When you sign a contract with a RIR (whatever RIR), is always 2 parties, so majority of resources operated in the region (so to have the complete context) clearly means that you are using in the region >50% of the provided IPs.



No.



If you operate a global backbone on six continents,

and obtain a block of addresses to use for building

that backbone, you can easily end up in a situation

where there is no continent with >50% utilization of

resources; it can easily end up with the space being

split 10%, 10%, 20%, 25%, 35%. Every time I have

gone to an RIR for resources, and have described the

need, explaining that the largest percentage of the

addresses will be used within the primary region

has been sufficient. No RIR has stated that a global

backbone buildout can only be built in a region if > 50%

of the addresses used on that backbone reside within

their region. Otherwise, you end up at a stalemate

with no RIR able to allocate addresses for your backbone

in good faith, because no region holds more than 50% of

the planet's regions.



"Mainly" has been interpreted to be "the largest percentage"

every time I have requested space.



If RIRs start to put a >50% requirement in place, you're

going to see global backbone providers put into the awkward

position of having to lie about their buildout plans--so they're

going to consistently vote against language that explicitly says

">50%" just so that nobody is put into the position of having to

knowingly lie on an attestation.



I understand where you're coming from; but as someone who

has built global infrastructure in the past, I think it would be

good to consider the view from the other side of the table,

and realize why the language is kept a bit more loose, to

allow for the creation of infrastructure that spans multiple

regions.



Thanks!



Matt





**********************************************
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Are you ready for the new Internet ?
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This electronic message contains information which may be privileged or confidential. The information is intended to be for the exclusive use of the individual(s) named above and further non-explicilty authorized disclosure, copying, distribution or use of the contents of this information, even if partially, including attached files, is strictly prohibited and will be considered a criminal offense. If you are not the intended recipient be aware that any disclosure, copying, distribution or use of the contents of this information, even if partially, including attached files, is strictly prohibited, will be considered a criminal offense, so you must reply to the original sender to inform about this communication and delete it.
Re: Nice work Ron [ In reply to ]
JORDI PALET MARTINEZ via NANOG wrote:

> To summarize several responses:

You don't.

> In the case of LACNIC it is spanish, it is clearly indicated in the
> web site,

I can't see it clearly indicated in LACNIC web site, at all.

Where is it? How does it stated?

> I've already informed LACNIC that "mainly", in my opinion, is a wrong
> translation for "mayoria", and should be majority, but in any case,
> the spanish version is the relevant one.

Could you explain why google translation says "mayoria" in English
means (sorted by frequency) "most", "majority", "many", "bulk" and
"plurality"?

Masataka Ohta
Re: Nice work Ron [ In reply to ]
JORDI PALET MARTINEZ via NANOG wrote:

> I fully understand what you mean, however, I don’t think this is a
> problem even if all the RIRs ask for “%50 or even 100%” of usage in
> the region.

So, you don't know how most, if not all, ISPs are operating
their network.

> That will make your life more complex, as you will need to obtain

It makes ISP's operations a lot more complex and a lot less
profitable to be ignored by almost all, if not all, ISPs.

Your theory that ISPs could have behaved otherwise is not
helpful in the real world of business and not practically
acceptable by RIRs mostly consisting of ISPs.

Masataka Ohta
Re: Nice work Ron [ In reply to ]
?El 24/1/21 15:25, "NANOG en nombre de Masataka Ohta" <nanog-bounces+jordi.palet=consulintel.es@nanog.org en nombre de mohta@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp> escribió:

JORDI PALET MARTINEZ via NANOG wrote:

> To summarize several responses:

You don't.

> In the case of LACNIC it is spanish, it is clearly indicated in the
> web site,

I can't see it clearly indicated in LACNIC web site, at all.

Where is it? How does it stated?

[Jordi] There may be some problem with your browser or Internet connectivity that is missing some parts of the web site, as I can see it in many places, and especially those more relevant (bylaws and policy manual):

https://www.lacnic.net/76/2/lacnic/bylaws

https://www.lacnic.net/680/2/lacnic/policy-manual-[v214---24_07_2020]



> I've already informed LACNIC that "mainly", in my opinion, is a wrong
> translation for "mayoria", and should be majority, but in any case,
> the spanish version is the relevant one.

Could you explain why google translation says "mayoria" in English
means (sorted by frequency) "most", "majority", "many", "bulk" and
"plurality"?

[Jordi] I'm not native English speaker, so I'm not the best one to explain that. As I said, several times, the official documents are the Spanish version, and in the Spanish version the right word being used is "mayoría", which I believe, in *this context* it is better translated to "majority".





**********************************************
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Are you ready for the new Internet ?
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Re: Nice work Ron [ In reply to ]
Again, I'm not saying is the best way, is what the community *decided* before I added a clarification. The 50% was not a change, just to make it explicit, what was the actual interpretation.

If you don't like it, stop complaining, and send a policy proposal, I could even support it, but I'm not convinced it will reach consensus.



?El 24/1/21 15:34, "NANOG en nombre de Masataka Ohta" <nanog-bounces+jordi.palet=consulintel.es@nanog.org en nombre de mohta@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp> escribió:

JORDI PALET MARTINEZ via NANOG wrote:

> I fully understand what you mean, however, I don’t think this is a
> problem even if all the RIRs ask for “%50 or even 100%” of usage in
> the region.

So, you don't know how most, if not all, ISPs are operating
their network.

> That will make your life more complex, as you will need to obtain

It makes ISP's operations a lot more complex and a lot less
profitable to be ignored by almost all, if not all, ISPs.

Your theory that ISPs could have behaved otherwise is not
helpful in the real world of business and not practically
acceptable by RIRs mostly consisting of ISPs.

Masataka Ohta



**********************************************
IPv4 is over
Are you ready for the new Internet ?
http://www.theipv6company.com
The IPv6 Company

This electronic message contains information which may be privileged or confidential. The information is intended to be for the exclusive use of the individual(s) named above and further non-explicilty authorized disclosure, copying, distribution or use of the contents of this information, even if partially, including attached files, is strictly prohibited and will be considered a criminal offense. If you are not the intended recipient be aware that any disclosure, copying, distribution or use of the contents of this information, even if partially, including attached files, is strictly prohibited, will be considered a criminal offense, so you must reply to the original sender to inform about this communication and delete it.
Re: Nice work Ron [ In reply to ]
Cool nice work Ron! Maybe a new subject for what this is really about ...

--
J. Hellenthal

The fact that there's a highway to Hell but only a stairway to Heaven says a lot about anticipated traffic volume.

> On Jan 24, 2021, at 13:36, JORDI PALET MARTINEZ via NANOG <nanog@nanog.org> wrote:
>
> ?Again, I'm not saying is the best way, is what the community *decided* before I added a clarification. The 50% was not a change, just to make it explicit, what was the actual interpretation.
>
> If you don't like it, stop complaining, and send a policy proposal, I could even support it, but I'm not convinced it will reach consensus.
>
>
>
> ?El 24/1/21 15:34, "NANOG en nombre de Masataka Ohta" <nanog-bounces+jordi.palet=consulintel.es@nanog.org en nombre de mohta@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp> escribió:
>
> JORDI PALET MARTINEZ via NANOG wrote:
>
>> I fully understand what you mean, however, I don’t think this is a
>> problem even if all the RIRs ask for “%50 or even 100%” of usage in
>> the region.
>
> So, you don't know how most, if not all, ISPs are operating
> their network.
>
>> That will make your life more complex, as you will need to obtain
>
> It makes ISP's operations a lot more complex and a lot less
> profitable to be ignored by almost all, if not all, ISPs.
>
> Your theory that ISPs could have behaved otherwise is not
> helpful in the real world of business and not practically
> acceptable by RIRs mostly consisting of ISPs.
>
> Masataka Ohta
>
>
>
> **********************************************
> IPv4 is over
> Are you ready for the new Internet ?
> http://www.theipv6company.com
> The IPv6 Company
>
> This electronic message contains information which may be privileged or confidential. The information is intended to be for the exclusive use of the individual(s) named above and further non-explicilty authorized disclosure, copying, distribution or use of the contents of this information, even if partially, including attached files, is strictly prohibited and will be considered a criminal offense. If you are not the intended recipient be aware that any disclosure, copying, distribution or use of the contents of this information, even if partially, including attached files, is strictly prohibited, will be considered a criminal offense, so you must reply to the original sender to inform about this communication and delete it.
>
>
>
Re: Nice work Ron [ In reply to ]
JORDI PALET MARTINEZ wrote:
>> In the case of LACNIC it is spanish, it is clearly indicated in
>> the web site,
>
> I can't see it clearly indicated in LACNIC web site, at all.
>
> Where is it? How does it stated?
>
> [Jordi] There may be some problem with your browser or Internet
> connectivity that is missing some parts of the web site, as I can see
> it in many places, and especially those more relevant (bylaws and
> policy manual):
>
> https://www.lacnic.net/76/2/lacnic/bylaws
>
> https://www.lacnic.net/680/2/lacnic/policy-manual-[v214---24_07_2020]

That it is stated some random pages deep within LACNIC website
does not mean "clearly indicated in LACNIC web site".

As such, LACNIC can't expect English-using people see the pages,
which means it is fault of LACNIC if they believe policy
in English is a formal one.

> Could you explain why google translation says "mayoria" in English
> means (sorted by frequency) "most", "majority", "many", "bulk" and
> "plurality"?
>
> [Jordi] I'm not native English speaker, so I'm not the best one to
> explain that.

I'm afraid you are saying you have no say on the meaning of "mainly".

> As I said, several times, the official documents are the Spanish
> version, and in the Spanish version the right word being used is
> "mayoría", which I believe, in *this context* it is better
> translated to "majority".

which is not compatible with translation by google.

Masataka Ohta
Re: Nice work Ron [ In reply to ]
JORDI PALET MARTINEZ via NANOG wrote:

> If you don't like it, stop complaining, and send a policy proposal,

It is wast of time to complain or to modify practically
obsoleted policy.

Masataka Ohta
Re: Nice work Ron [ In reply to ]
On 1/24/21 2:18 PM, Masataka Ohta wrote:
> JORDI PALET MARTINEZ via NANOG wrote:
>
>> If you don't like it, stop complaining, and send a policy proposal,
>
> It is wast of time to complain or to modify practically
> obsoleted policy.
>
>                         Masataka Ohta

[selects folder "NANOG" in Thunderbird: All Folders]

[selects Tools --> Run Filters on Folder]

**BOOM**

Where'd "Ron" go?

Oh. Ron's up in the Trash. Again.

Also, are there no moderators on this list at all?


- John
--
Re: Nice work Ron [ In reply to ]
If you want services from LACNIC (as well as any other RIR), you need to sign the contracts (legal part) and know the policies.

In that case you will reach *that* text in both pages.

Google doesn't necessarily is right when doing translations, specially, because, as said several times, the formal text is the Spanish one.


?El 24/1/21 23:13, "Masataka Ohta" <mohta@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp> escribió:

JORDI PALET MARTINEZ wrote:
>> In the case of LACNIC it is spanish, it is clearly indicated in
>> the web site,
>
> I can't see it clearly indicated in LACNIC web site, at all.
>
> Where is it? How does it stated?
>
> [Jordi] There may be some problem with your browser or Internet
> connectivity that is missing some parts of the web site, as I can see
> it in many places, and especially those more relevant (bylaws and
> policy manual):
>
> https://www.lacnic.net/76/2/lacnic/bylaws
>
> https://www.lacnic.net/680/2/lacnic/policy-manual-[v214---24_07_2020]

That it is stated some random pages deep within LACNIC website
does not mean "clearly indicated in LACNIC web site".

As such, LACNIC can't expect English-using people see the pages,
which means it is fault of LACNIC if they believe policy
in English is a formal one.

> Could you explain why google translation says "mayoria" in English
> means (sorted by frequency) "most", "majority", "many", "bulk" and
> "plurality"?
>
> [Jordi] I'm not native English speaker, so I'm not the best one to
> explain that.

I'm afraid you are saying you have no say on the meaning of "mainly".

> As I said, several times, the official documents are the Spanish
> version, and in the Spanish version the right word being used is
> "mayoría", which I believe, in *this context* it is better
> translated to "majority".

which is not compatible with translation by google.

Masataka Ohta




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